Hypokinesia is what? Hypokinesia: definition, types and treatment

Hypokinesia is what? You can find out the answer to this question from this article. In addition, we will tell you in detail about what causes this pathological condition occurs, describe its types and imagine ways of treatment.

General information

Hypokinesia - a special condition of the body, due to inadequate motor activity. It should be noted that such a deviation does not pose a danger to the life of the patient. However, in some cases, when the patient has a pronounced immobility, it can lead to quite serious complications (pulmonary embolism, sepsis, etc.).

Despite the fact that such a state is not very common, hypokinesia still requires special attention, as it leads the patient to significant social and functional limitations.

Causes

Hypokinesia is a limitation of the person's mobility, which can arise due to various reasons. Let's consider some of them in more detail:

• Infections of the central nervous system often cause disorders, which become the causes of hypokinesia.
• Pharmacological agents sometimes also cause a similar deviation. As a rule, this is due to the blocking of neuroreceptors.
• Various injuries often cause a pathological condition, such as hypokinesia. This can happen after gunshot wounds, falls, strong blows to the head and so on.
• In intoxication, specific neurons are also affected, which lead to partial immobility or inhibition of a person.
• Vascular disorders often become the causes of an isolated heart attack, which leads to the development of hypokinesia. By the way, such a deviation is often manifested in a multi-infarction state.
• Degenerative disorders can easily lead to the loss of specific cells with neurotransmitters, which are responsible for the physiological purpose of a person.

Other reasons

Hypokinesia is a complex of motor disorders that can occur against the background of a person's psychiatric instability.

1. Depression. Such a state quickly and easily leads to psychomotor retardation. So, due to prolonged depression, spontaneous movements of a completely healthy person can become limited and slow.
2. Catatonia. This deviation is accompanied by a pronounced restriction of spontaneous movements. As a rule, this is due to the fact that a person is stationary for quite a long time. Outwardly, such people look like they just woke up. Unofficially, this phenomenon is called "wax flexibility."

Among other things, metabolic disorders, including hypothyroidism, can also cause hypokinesia. Usually such deviations are accompanied by a general slowdown of all motor functions. In addition, this condition often occurs against a background of neuromuscular disorders. This pathological condition is characterized by severe rigidity of muscle tissues, slowing down the rate of movement, especially in the musculature of the upper and lower extremities.

Types of hypokinesia

Now you know what hypokinesia is. It should be noted that in medical practice several types of this pathological condition are noted. Let us consider them in more detail.

1. Physiological appearance. This deviation can arise due to the influence of genetic factors, anomalies in human development and the presence of motor "morbidity."
2. Habitual appearance. This condition is due to excessive household comfort, which leads to a decrease in motor initiative, as well as getting used to a sedentary lifestyle. In addition, this deviation may occur due to neglect of physical culture.
3. Clinical appearance (nosogenic). In this case, the limitation of the volume of movements arises from the necessity of production. Also, this deviation can be formed due to diseases of the musculoskeletal system and various injuries that require prolonged bed rest.
4. School appearance. In this case, hypokinesia develops due to the incorrect organization of the educational process (for example, when overloading with training, lack of free time, ignoring physical education, etc.).
5. Climatogeographical view. Hypokinesia, due to adverse climatic or geographical conditions.
6. Experimental view. This condition is a simulation of reduced motor activity for the purpose of carrying out biomedical research.

Hypokinesia and hypodynamia

As you can see, hypokinesia can develop against a background of various mental and neurological disorders. In addition, this condition is often caused by the inactive nature of a person's work activity or his lifestyle in general. In such cases, this deviation can lead to hypodynamia.

Hypokinesia - what is it? We answered this question a little higher. Now we should talk about what hypodynamia is. This word is derived from the Greek and literally means reduced mobility.

Such a deviation is accompanied by impairment of the body's functions (blood circulation, musculoskeletal system, digestion and respiration) with a noticeable restriction of the motor activity of a person, as well as a reduction in the strength of muscle contraction. The prevalence of hypodynamia is increasingly increasing in connection with urbanization, mechanization and automation of labor.

According to experts, physical inactivity is a consequence of people's release from physical labor. Very often such a rejection is unofficially called a "disease of civilization".

What is dangerous?

Hypodinamia has a particularly strong effect on the cardiovascular system. After all, because of this deviation, the person's ability to work diminishes, the strength of the contractions of the heart weakens, and the tone of the vessels decreases. The harmful influence affects the exchange of energy and substances. The results of hypodynamia can be atherosclerosis and obesity.

Other deviations

Speaking of hypokinesia, almost always mean the state of the human body, which is accompanied by a decreased motor activity. However, often such a medical term is used to refer to diseases of internal organs. Thus, in patients, hypokinesia of the gallbladder is often observed. This deviation is characterized by a delayed emptying of the organ presented. As a rule, such a disease leads to digestion disorders in children and adults. Moreover, if a person has a hereditary predisposition, then the ailment can easily cause cholelithiasis. To treat such pathology, patients are recommended to take cholagogue or decoctions from herbs that have the same healing properties.

Among other things, people can have hypokinesia of the heart, esophagus, bile ducts, stomach, intestines and so on.

Prevention

The main prevention of such a deviation is the constant movement of a person, physical activity, and also the observance of a healthy lifestyle. Patients who have a predisposition to hypokinesia or hypodynamia, it is recommended to give up smoking and other bad habits, as they can only aggravate the patient's uneasy condition.

It should also be noted that a person's intelligent movement should necessarily be combined with rational nutrition, regular walking and morning exercise.

Treatment

Hypokinesia and hypodynamia caused by any chronic or acute disease require mandatory medical examination. After identifying the reasons for this deviation, doctors begin to eliminate it.

It should be noted that in the clinics of orthopedics and nerve diseases an effective complex recovery of the human body after a period of hypodynamia is carried out. As a rule, in such procedures there are neurologists, orthopedists, nutritionists, masseurs and instructors of therapeutic physical training. Individual classes are held in conjunction with massage and physical physiotherapy, which helps restore muscle tone. In addition, for these patients, a separate nutrition program is provided, which helps to normalize body weight and stabilize the functions of internal organs. The developed motor stereotypes retain their effectiveness for a long time.