Hydronephrosis of the left kidney is a disease that occurs when there is a violation of the outflow of urine and is characterized by an expansion of the cup-and-pelvic system. Acute pain in the abdominal area with recoil into the back area - the first signs of hydronephrosis of the left kidney. The disease is divided into primary or congenital. The primary cause is dyskinesia of the urinary tract, abnormal placement of the renal artery, congenital anomalies of the valves, as well as bacterial and viral infections, side effects of pharmaceuticals. The cause of secondary or acquired nephrosis are urological diseases, small pelvic tumors, trauma to the urinary tract and spinal cord. Increased intra-lateral pressure increases the contents of the calyx and changes their configuration. There is an atrophy of the smooth muscle, nerve endings. Hydronephrosis of the left kidney is characterized by the formation of coarse-fibrous connective tissue. There are two types of disease - open (there is an intact part of the parenchyma) and closed (in the tubular ureteral zone there is obstruction of the ureters). The disease passes in three stages: the first - enlargements are only in the pelvis, the second - the cups expand, the thickness of the parenchyma decreases, the third - the atrophy of the kidney parenchyma.
Hydronephrosis of the left kidney: clinical signs
Patients complain of a feeling of heaviness, raspiruyuschy, aching pain on the left side, there is a nervous excitement and anxiety, decreases the amount of urine. Occasionally, mucus and blood are found in the urine. As a result of pathological changes, the kidneys begin to work poorly, the body accumulates a huge amount of toxic metabolic products. In the end, everything can end in a lethal outcome.
Diagnosis of hydronephrosis
Diagnose the hydronephrosis of the left kidney by instrumental, ultrasound examination and radiography. Intravenous urography diagnoses and various stages of the disease: from the expansion of pelvis in the kidney to loss of function and hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis during pregnancy is accompanied by pain in the waist, there is a dull drawing pain in the region of the thigh and groin. In the study of urine, micro- and macrohematuria are detected, with complication of hydronephrosis there is pyuria and bacteriuria. X-ray method of diagnosis during pregnancy is contraindicated, therefore, an ultrasound is performed. With aseptic unilateral hydronephrosis, the prognosis is favorable, since a healthy kidney compensates for the function of the patient. If hydronephrosis appears during pregnancy, it is not an indication of its interruption. Interrupt the same pregnancy with bilateral hydronephrosis, which developed before pregnancy. Also, pregnancy is interrupted with the diagnosis of "unilateral hydronephrosis", which is accompanied by azotemia and pyelonephritis.
How to treat hydronephrosis?
With a mild form of the disease, conservative treatment is performed, increasing the tone of the urinary tract. And also carry out the prevention of constipation (diet, laxatives). With infected hydronephrosis, antibacterial therapy is prescribed, and urine cultures are monitored . In the late stages of the disease, surgical intervention is indispensable. During surgery, the main thing is to eliminate obstruction of the urinary tract to prevent changes in the kidney tissue.