How does measles manifest? How does measles develop in adults and children?

Measles - a very common infectious disease, belongs to the category of so-called childhood diseases. Parents need to know how the child's measles manifests in order to avoid unpleasant complications. Usually peak incidence occurs in the spring, autumn and winter. It is believed that children under the age of one year do not get measles, since they inherit maternal immunity. However, if a woman was not vaccinated, or there was no such virus in her body, then there is a possibility of infection of the baby.

Symptoms

The main symptoms in the early stages of the disease are very similar to the inflammation of the upper respiratory tract - this is the swelling of the nasal mucosa. The next stage in the development of infection in the body is the appearance of a large spotted rash of red color.

Spread

A person is very susceptible to measles infection and in almost all cases becomes infected with a virus carrier. And it is not surprising, because the virus is extremely aggressive, spreads by airborne droplets and can be carried through the air very quickly. Therefore, precautions should be taken beforehand. If in a team someone has measles, the epidemic spreads with the speed of light.
And only timely vaccination will help to avoid the disease.

Anamnesis

The incubation period of the disease is about 10 days. The disease begins as a regular flu. The main thing here is not to miss the symptoms, since the disease (measles) does not appear immediately. It is necessary to apply to specialists, since only doctors at the initial stage can make the correct diagnosis by determining it after examination of the mucous membrane in the cheeks. There appears a white rash. Red spots appear on day 3-5 of the disease. The first face, neck, and limbs are affected, the rash spreads all over the body the next day. 2-3 days after the appearance of spots, a high temperature (up to 40 degrees) can rise. The person is sluggish, he has no appetite, suffers from a dry barking cough, eyes become inflamed. The patient is best placed in a dark room because of photophobia and give him a plentiful drink. On the 7th day the rash turns pale, but for another two weeks brownish pigment spots remain throughout the body, which gradually fade and soon completely disappear.

Baby care

When parents know how measles are manifested in children, they can take a number of measures in a timely manner to alleviate their condition. A sick child should be put in bed in a well-ventilated room, often changing bed linens and pajamas, giving a rich drink of vitamins. Since the eyes of a small patient will be inflamed, you need to constantly wash them with warm water or a weak solution of boric acid. After this, it is necessary to drip in the eye the drug "Sulfacil sodium". Cracked from heat, lips are lubricated with hygienic lipstick or boric petroleum jelly. It is extremely important to clean the nose of mucus. If the child can not blow his nose, then the babies are separated from the nose with a small syringe. Then it is necessary to treat the nasal sinuses with a cotton swab dipped in petrolatum.

Food

Very useful berries, water with lemon. It is better to give the patient a light meal: yoghurt, kefir, oatmeal, vegetable puree or boiled, rotted through a meat grinder, beef or chicken. Measles severely weakens the baby's body - it becomes vulnerable to other infections. It is necessary to be extremely cautious, to protect him from hypothermia and unnecessary contacts, because during this period the usual flu virus can turn into a severe form of pneumonia.

It is very dangerous to be ignorant and not to know: how does measles develop in adults after 20 years? In case of complications, inflammation of the middle ear, blindness, pneumonia, laryngitis and even encephalitis may develop. Often we are much more difficult to tolerate various diseases than our children. Often, complications occur in adults, the disease lasts much longer than in children, and is accompanied by a high temperature, which is very difficult to knock down. Because of this, meningitis can develop, leading to fatal consequences, up to a lethal outcome. Otitis, often accompanying measles, sometimes leads to deafness. If this infection affects pregnant women, they may lose a child, or the fetus may have pathologies in development. We also know how measles develop with a predisposition to gastritis. It can give a complication to the small intestine, which, in turn, will cause catarrhal colitis.

Since the disease refers to severe infectious ailments, the patient must necessarily be observed by a specialist. In addition, there is a danger of an epidemic in a team where there is a virus carrier. Treatment of mild measles in children occurs at home. In general, use antipyretic drugs, plentiful drink, vitamins and expectorants. In a hospital, patients are transferred only in case of complication.

Vaccination

The most effective method of preventing measles for many years is vaccination. We know what the main method of this procedure is. Infection of the body with a weak virus is carried out, as a result of which a person has immunity to certain pathological microorganisms. It is worth noting that not everyone knows how to manifest measles in a child in a hidden form. It is important not to miss the moment of onset of the disease, since the symptoms are not very pronounced: the temperature rises and a mild form of conjunctivitis appears. If such manifestations of infection do not go away for 2-3 days, you should contact the pediatrician.

Children are being vaccinated against measles from the age of 12 months, the next vaccine is given to 6 years. Various forms of vaccination are practiced:

- monovaccination;

- trivaccination (when the substance is simultaneously administered against mumps, rubella and measles).

The vaccinated organism is resistant to measles virus. Its resistance to infection persists for 15 years.

However, there are contraindications for any type of vaccination. Little is known about the manifestation of measles in HIV infection. At pregnancy and a tuberculosis it is strictly forbidden to do inoculations.

If there is a risk of disease due to direct contact with an infected person. In this case, anticonvulsant immunoglobulin is administered for prevention. This must be done in the first days after contact with the patient. Until the moment when they began to carry out universal immunizations against measles, the bulk of those infected with this virus were children under 16 years old.