Hemoglobin in urine: what does it mean? Causes, signs and manifestations of the disorder

Hemoglobin is one of the components of red blood cells of erythrocytes. It contains iron, which helps to connect molecules of oxygen and carbon dioxide and deliver them with blood flow to tissues and organs. Hemoglobin is located inside the cell and has a sufficiently large molecular mass. Through renal filters it is very difficult for him to pass, therefore in norm it should not be in urine.

If the hemoglobin in the urine is detected during the examination, what this means, the attending physician will tell. And, as a rule, this indicates the development of some pathologies. To identify them, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive diagnosis.

Hemoglobin in urine: what does it mean?

The presence of hemoglobin in the urine can indicate the development in the body of a disease such as hemoglobinuria. In another way, the disease is called hemolytic anemia. A sign of this ailment is the penetration of hemoglobin into the urine. At the same time there is an immediate disintegration of all blood cells. In the body at this time can develop any infectious diseases, for example, the same flu. In addition, the disease can manifest itself after severe hypothermia, various injuries, physical exertion.

There is a toxic type of hemoglobinuria and acquired. Acquired type is called paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (Striubing-Marietaafa disease). To solve, having found out traces of a hemoglobin in urine, what does it mean, only the expert should. Perhaps, he will just establish the patient's acquired hemoglobinuria.

Another type (toxic) is characterized by mass hemolysis. All signs of toxic poisoning with toxic chemicals, toxic products, poisonous insects are found out. To show hemoglobin can and at march disease, when there is a strong pressure on the feet. The most rare type of hemoglobinuria is cold.

Causes of hemoglobin in the urine

When treating various blood diseases, when checking the patient's tests, doctors often find hemoglobin in the urine. What does this mean for an adult? Possible poisoning with poison, dyes, acids. Hemoglobin can also appear after burns - in this period, one part of it is in a bound form, and the rest is formed due to the occurring destruction of red bodies.

The cause of the manifestation of hemoglobin in the blood can become and intense employment by running, fast walking. To maintain health, it is necessary for some time to stop training. The intensity of training will depend on the capabilities of the body. Optimally distribute the load for two hours a week (preferably in the morning and in the evening), abandon bad habits. Be sure to adhere to the right diet, eat only fresh foods, do not forget about vitamins. Subcooling is also unacceptable, it can provoke manifestations of hemoglobin in urine.

The main indicator of the presence of hemoglobinuria is the staining of urine in a dark brown color. But do not be afraid of the dark color, if you used to eat beets the day before.

Symptoms

Normally, hemoglobin in the urine should not be present. This manifestation usually indicates some inflammatory processes in the body, the disintegration of muscle tissue and other dangerous ailments that develop in the body. Hemoglobinuria is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• Severe headaches that grow into migraines;
• Lumbar pain;
• Vomiting, nausea;
• Weakening of the body;
• Aches in all joints;
• Feverish conditions;
• Fever.

If such symptoms are found, you should contact the clinic and take the tests. If the hemoglobin is found in the urine, it is worthwhile to be alert, because this is an indicator of some disorders and pathologies in the body.

Types of the disease

In medicine, there are several varieties of the described pathology:

• Paroxysmal night form. Acquired state, in which there is a rapid disintegration of damaged blood cells.
• Toxic form. Mass hemolysis. Hemoglobin in the urine appears due to strong toxic poisoning by some poisons, substances.
• Marching form. The ailment is often manifested in athletes with a strong load on the feet. Otherwise, this form is called the pathology of soldiers.
• Paroxysmal cold form. There are quite rare cases. Characteristic manifestations of autoimmune hemolysis.

Diagnostics

If there is hemoglobin in the urine, what does it mean? What doctor should take up this pathology? A urologist or nephrologist will conduct a complete examination and establish a diagnosis. If there is such a need, the patient can be sent for further examination to narrow specialists: gynecologist, endocrinologist, hematologist.

Standard diagnostics for this condition include the following steps:

1. Questioning the patient and a complete examination. It is necessary to clarify the full anamnesis of life, a pathological condition (it has long been manifested, what are the symptoms).
2. General blood analysis.
3. Blood chemistry.
4. General urine analysis.
5. Detection of infectious objects in the urine.
6. The test of Reberg.
7. Urine by Nechiporenko.
8. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs, abdominal cavity, excretory system.

If these data are not enough to make a diagnosis, the doctor can prescribe an MRI or CT scan.

Hemoglobin in urine - what does it mean for a child?

Each mom cares about the health of her baby and with any deviations should hurry for help to the pediatrician. If you notice that the color of urine in a child has become abnormal, brown-dark, it is necessary to urgently pass tests and identify the causes of pathology. If hemoglobin is detected in urine, what does this mean, consult your pediatrician.

After conducting the first analysis, it is necessary to do a little later and re-study. If there is hemoglobin in the urine, the child will be sent for an additional examination - ultrasound of the genitourinary system, a blood test. If the doctor determines the child's hemoglobinuria, reveals the reasons for its manifestation, then the necessary treatment will be prescribed.

Causes of hemoglobinuria

So, hemoglobin in urine is positive - what does it mean? In addition to the main causes of hemoglobinuria, the child can manifest itself in certain cases:

• Phimosis in boys.
• Infection in which a febrile condition occurs.
• Inflammation of the genitourinary system.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• Renal insufficiency.
• Tuberculosis.
• Diseases of the digestive tract.
• Blood transfusion of inappropriate group.
• Diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Healing measures

When the hemoglobin in the urine is detected in the assay, what does this mean, we disassembled. And now about what measures to take and how it is treated. It is necessary to strictly follow all the doctor's recommendations. If hemoglobinuria indicates the presence of a disease, it must be treated. The main recommendations are:

1. During the entire treatment period, you need to use as little fluid as possible to relieve the urogenital system.
2. Maximum protection from hypothermia, and in winter it is better not even to leave the house.

Treatment of hemoglobinuria is not something complicated, it is enough to carry out the simplest recommendations of the doctor and at the same time to use the prescribed pharmaceutical means. The following groups of medicines can be prescribed:

• Preparations containing iron;
• Anabolics;
• Antioxidants;
• Vitamin complexes;
• Diuretic preparations.

The main method of treatment for nocturnal hemoglobinuria is transfusion of unfrozen red blood cells. This method differs from the transfusion of fresh blood and gives a more stable positive result. At least five such transfusions must be carried out. It depends on the patient's condition, the severity of the disease.

As a temporary symptomatic tool for this form of the disease, the anabolic drug "Nerobol" is used. And as an additional therapy - iron-containing drugs, hepatoprotectors, anticoagulants.