Growing of ceps in the home. Technology of growing mushrooms

White mushroom deservedly and by full right is considered the standard for other mushrooms. He looks attractive - with a fleshy brown hat on a white puzatenkoy leg, and his taste qualities are excellent. When frying, the ceps produce a special, nutty flavor. Its name - white - the mushroom got for the fact that its incision does not darken during drying and cooking, keeping a juicy, appetizing structure. And today we will consider the cultivation of ceps in the home and not only.

White mushroom: description

Almost everywhere, a white fungus is also called a fungus. And also he is called a bear-bearer, a whitecracker, a wood grouse. No matter how many people call this forest handsome in the numerous corners of Russia, he always looks distinctive:

1. The hat of the boletus is colored brown. She changes her bulge with the age of the fungus. From a semi-cylindrical shape in a small mushroom, it gradually makes a transition to an almost flat, about 20 cm in diameter, adult mushroom hat.
2. Leg is always whitish, with characteristic brownish vertical veins. At first it has the shape of a barrel, and as it grows, it stretches out into a dense, powerful cylinder.

Now you can visually distinguish the white fungus (the description you got) from other forest mushrooms.

Varieties of ceps

White mushroom has many forms, and their varieties depend on trees, under which the fungus grows and in symbiosis with which it enters:

1. Pine form, perhaps the most colorful of the species of white mushrooms. Has a beautiful brown hat and a leg with a slightly purple hue, slightly thickened from below.
2. Spruce is the most common form in the central part of Russia. The hat has a brownish-reddish color, with spots and a border edge. Leg is barrel-shaped, covered to the middle with a fine mesh.
3. Oak form - strong white mushrooms, having elastic brown hats with a grayish shade.
4. Dark-bronze form - the name speaks for itself. The hats are dark, wrinkled; Legs - brownish.

The mushrooms growing on shaded areas have a lighter coloring of the cap. And their brethren, who grew up in the sun, have a rich brown top. The mushroom does not tolerate much shaded and mossy places. For example, in the deaf forest will not grow. And choose comfortable for yourself a little shaded or sunny places.

We grow mushrooms in the country

If the mushroom picker comes back from the forest with a full basket of mushrooms, then he went about mushrooms for good reason. Many wonder whether it is possible to grow mushrooms in the country, in order to admire the beautiful scenery, and, of course, it is guaranteed to have a rare product to the table. Yes, growing a king of mushrooms in a garden plot is possible, although not quite an easy task. It is necessary to know the subtleties and peculiarities of the breeding of this fastidious forest fast-fitter, but as a result of persistent labors near your suburban house the first white mushrooms will grow.

So, growing mushrooms in the country. It will not be easy to achieve results because the white fungus belongs to the mycorrhiza-forming group, which speaks of their duty and very complex intergrowth and interlacing with the roots of the trees under which they live. This is a very complex and vitally important symbiosis for fungi. Without a tree, to be more precise, its roots, the so-called mushroom root will not form and the fruit growing on the surface will not develop. Therefore, to grow white mushrooms on a bare patch, alas, will not work.

A long-established and well-established way of growing - in the territory where trees grow from the age of ten to thirty years. A white mushroom is planted under pine, spruce, oak, birch, beech. The correspondence of tree species when transplanting the mycelium is necessary. The more similar the conditions of the dacha plantation of the mushrooms with their forestry, the more likely they will successfully survive.

White mushrooms at home

If desired, you can master the cultivation of mushrooms at home, having studied the accumulated experience of scientists from Holland. With the help of the technologies recommended by them, it is possible to cultivate the product in hothouses and buried cellars.

Planting a plantation with an intensive method, namely, it is used in the home, has its own difficulties. One of them is a considerable investment, the purchase of equipment to provide the room with the necessary temperature and humidity. But the advantages of such a growing method are considerable - fertility throughout the season and a good rate of maturing. For effective breeding in the room it is recommended to use cultivation from mycelium.

Requirements for planting material

Planting material is preferably purchased from suppliers with recommendations, carefully study all the initial data of mycelium labeled on the label. It is very important to pay attention to the smell and color of the mycelium. With a weak ammonium smell, immediately reject the lot of planting material - it was overheated and now it is no longer viable. The color of a healthy exudate is orange with a light yellow color.

Bringing home packages with the bought mycelium, you need to cool them, ventilate them and only then start preparing before laying. The contents of the packages are crushed without tearing the packaging. Thus, maintain a gentle and adaptive temperature regime for the future mycelium. When laying, sterility is very important:

• It is necessary to work in gloves;
• The premises for the cultivation of white mushrooms and the laying of a mycelium must be separate;
• When opening the package, it is necessary to carry out the treatment with the disinfectant solution.

Technology of growing mushrooms

To complete the topic of the previous paragraph, we will start with the technique of growing the crop at home. So, growing mushrooms at home. Here are the main stages of work in the room:

1. Boiling in bags for 1-1, 5 hours and subsequent cooling of the substrate. (Bags for running water to puncture).
2. Mixing of mycelium and substrate on disinfected tables. The presence of domestic material should be at the level of 5%, and the import - 2.5%.
3. Bookmark the mixture in bags. Tightly graft the grafted substrate into bags, flatten one side and make several cuts to germinate the fungi.
4. Place the bags on the shelves vertically. Watering is normal, without strong overmoistening. Ventilating the room is mandatory.
5. If care was correct, the harvest of mushrooms can be collected for at least six months.

This is the process of growing white mushrooms in the home. Yes, it is quite difficult, but it's worth it.

Methods of growing in the garden

The cultivation of white mushrooms in domestic conditions is strikingly different from growing on a private plot. But first things first.

For the cultivation of white mushrooms on the site, prepare the place for the mushroom picking. Compost or ground with peat is laid on the top layer of soil previously shoveled. Lay the planting material, cover the top of the previously removed layer of turf.

The most effective options for harvesting seed material are to bring several pieces of mycelium the size of a chicken egg from the forest. Such blanks are planted in the soil without treatment, it is important only to observe at least two conditions:

1. Trees, under which the boletus grew in nature, should be of the same breed with plants at the new site of planting.
2. Digging out the material must be very carefully - the white mushrooms grow heavily together with the roots and restore the connection with the satellite tree.

Sowing of forest mycelium

How to grow white mushrooms, if there is no opportunity to purchase quality planting material?

A very good effect is given by the method of sowing the mycelium using the cap and tubular part of the white fungus. Take 5-6 mature hats, you can even have a wormhole, and soaked for a day in a bucket of water. Then the contents are warmed up by hands. The thickening is separated into another container. Thick mass is the body of the fungus, and it will also come in handy. The remaining liquid with a large number of spores spills the exposed roots of the tree, then everything is covered by a layer of thick mushroom substance and sprinkled on top of previously removed soil. It is necessary to water carefully the planted mycelium and to do the following waterings once a week in the absence of rains.

Now you are familiar with the cultivation of white mushrooms at home, and in the garden, where, with proper observance of all technologies, you can get a crop of borovik already the first time in a year or two. Good luck!