Growing champignons as a business: reviews and advice

Create a business with minimal costs or quickly payback is a dream for many people. For those who like planting and harvesting on their household plots, there is an excellent opportunity to "grow" a profitable enterprise that gives a steady income. This is the cultivation of champignons as a business (home).

Year-round business

Mushrooms - this year-round demanded product. From them prepare tasty dishes and the housewives in their kitchens, and the chefs in restaurants of any level. For most people, mushrooms are a tasty and healthy product for which they are willing to pay money. For others, growing champignons as a business is a source of income.

The very process of running a mushroom business is not burdensome, and you can start earning a profit in two months. The main thing is to determine the place and volume of the enterprise.

Terms and Conditions of Mushroom Business Management

Like any profitable business, growing mushroom-mushrooms as a business requires the preparation of certain conditions and calculations.

The choice of location can be determined by the following criteria:

• For the year-round business can be equipped with a greenhouse.
• If there is a cellar, a barn or a basement, you can equip them for a mushroom enterprise.
• Seasonal growing of champignons - as a business for the spring-summer period: under fruit trees in the open ground.

The simplest of them is seasonal cultivation, since it does not require special equipment.

Benefits of mushrooming

The start-up of any enterprise should begin with calculations on investment of funds, payback periods and profits. The acquisition of a mycelium today is not difficult, as is the search for a market for the marketing of mushrooms, so the clear advantages of this business are obvious:

• Getting the first profit for the third month after laying the mycelium.
• The possibility of obtaining a permanent all-the-year-round income.
• A simple activity, accessible even to the beginner.
• Use of any ancillary facilities.

The business plan "Growing champignons" should start with finding and equipping a suitable place.

Greenhouse business

Many gardeners prefer to use their greenhouses with a double benefit. They pick mushrooms in them from September to February, and then start planting early vegetables. This approach gives the maximum profit, as the higher demand for mushrooms is observed in the autumn-winter period, and on early vegetables - in the spring.

Growing champignons as a business, the feedback of entrepreneurs confirm this, it is better to conduct it from autumn to spring, as with the appearance of vegetables the demand for mushrooms falls somewhat.

Greenhouse arrangement

For mushrooms, you can adapt an ordinary film greenhouse or tinker and build it on the principle of Grachev. Also suitable for glass coverings. The main thing is that in such rooms it will not be difficult to create the required temperature and humidity, the conditions so necessary for the mushrooms.

A greenhouse made of film or polycarbonate is the simplest variant of a premise, so that growing champignons as a business would bring less trouble and bring more money.

Stages of arrangement of the greenhouse:

• First of all, it should be provided with heat. It can be heating with gas or electricity. It is also important to ensure good ventilation, since the compost on which the fungi grows releases carbon dioxide, and it must be regularly discharged. Enterprising farmers have adapted in greenhouses for champignons to plant cucumbers, zucchini and pumpkin. This allows less time to spend on supporting the microclimate, as the plants complement each other and perfectly coexist side by side.
• Growing champignons as a business profitability results quickly due to the use of shelves. This Dutch method allows you to maximize the use of space, leaving a place to harvest can be collected conveniently and quickly. If there is an opportunity to invest money in containers, this will simplify the care of champignons. Containers can be plastic or wooden boxes, which are treated with anti-mold.
• Soil preparation.

In the arrangement of greenhouses should invest money, if you organize a business year-round. If you correctly compose and implement a business plan, growing mushroom-champignons in specialized premises provides a quick return on investment and constant income.

Champignons in the basement

To invest in the business were minimal, in the presence of a cellar or cellar you can use their area. Criteria for a suitable room:

• The best option would be a high-quality cemented floor to make it easier to maintain cleanliness and not subject the mycelium to mold infection.
• In order to grow mushrooms as a business (reviews, photos of those who already profit, this is confirmed) gave a high income and abundant harvest, it is better to equip the premises with shelving. They save space and allow on each tier to plant mushrooms with different maturity, which puts the process on stream.
• Lighting mushrooms is not necessary, therefore it is possible to equip the light, sufficient for convenience of those who cares for them and collects a crop.

Basement for a mushroom farm

• Ventilation should be high-quality, not insect-permeable, for which a fine mesh net is used. It is important that there are no drafts, therefore, in addition to hoods, it is appropriate to use fans above beds or air purification filters.
• Growing champignons as a business also requires constant regulation of humidity and air temperature. It is necessary to equip the room with a hygrometer and a thermometer. To increase the humidity, it is enough to spray the beds and the floor, and to lower - to ventilate or turn on the heating.
• If the premises are large enough, then it can be divided into a zone of cultivation of mycelium and growth department of champignons, which will significantly increase the yield, and consequently, the profit.
• Disinfection of the premises is mandatory before commencing work. It can be whitewash lime mixed with copper sulfate, spraying with a 4% formalin solution or fuming with a sulfur checker. Fungi are sensitive to mold and pathogenic microorganisms, so you should check the yield, and put the sick specimens in a separate container and destroy them.

Growing champignons as a business (feedback, how to grow, from other truck farmers - to this confirmation) is a case in which it is recommended to use any room that is not even suitable at first glance. The main thing is to protect it from drafts, to heat, to aerate and protect from pests and mold. Plants will be rewarded with a high yield.

Composting

The purchase of a mycelium and the preparation of a nutrient medium included in the business plan "Growing champignons" are the most important items in it. The highest yield is obtained if horse manure is used for compost. But if there is no such possibility, then cow or bird droppings will do.

Ingredients for substrate creation:

• horse dung;
• straw;
• urea;
• ammonium sulfate;
• Superphosphate, chalk or alabaster.

To get good compost, you should stack all layers. Soaked in straw for a day, put the bottom layer, then the manure, again swollen straw and manure. Such layers should be 6-8 pieces. When laying each layer should be watered with warm water.

After 3-4 days, all the layers must be mixed, add urea and superphosphate to them. After another 3-4 days, stir again and add the remaining ingredients, and so 4-5 times, and only in the last batch in the nutrient medium is added gypsum.

Planting of mycelium

After the compost is "ripe", it is necessary to add "seeds" of champignons to get a mycelium. At 1 m ^{2 of the} nutrient medium, 500 g of mycelium compost or 400 g of cereal spores.

They sow a substrate, for which a finger is made by indentations at a distance of 20-25 cm, in which the seed material is laid. If spores are used for sowing, then it is sufficient to sprinkle the nutrient medium.

The temperature of the air for incubation of mycelium should be +20 ... +27 degrees. When the days through 10-12 mycelium begins to grow actively, it should be sprinkled with a mixture of peat, earth and limestone in proportions of 5: 4: 1 and periodically sprayed, not allowing the nutrient medium to dry out.

Harvesting

His first harvest of "mushroom" farmer will be able to collect in 35-50 days, given that the compost ripening is 20-25 days. Depending on where the maturation takes place and how well the medium was prepared, yields can be either very high or mediocre.

Growing champignons as a business, reviews of experienced "mushroom pickers" confirm this, - a very profitable business, as the fruiting cycle can be made all-the-year-round.

The air temperature before ripening of mushrooms should be +22 ... +26 degrees. If it is hotter, the champignons will climb up very quickly and will have a small hat on a long leg. Such goods will not be sold. At a temperature of +12 degrees the mycelium will cease to bear fruit. Therefore, as soon as the hats appear and the mushroom smell is felt, the temperature should be reduced to +15 ... +16 degrees.

Collect mushrooms carefully, so as not to damage their base. To do this, one should hold the legs of one hand with the fingers of one foot and the ground, and the other with an easy turn to separate from the mycelium. It is necessary to harvest all the fruits, even small ones, because if you cut only large mushrooms, the rest stop growing and begin to rot.

It should be borne in mind that with the right approach, you can collect from 5 kg of champignons with 1m ² for several cycles. Therefore, when calculating the scale of business, you should immediately think about what area to use for it.

Crop storage

To save the harvested crop from a large plantation, when it is difficult to manage for one day, you need to think about the fridge beforehand. Their capacity is calculated from the amount of kilogram of the finished product with 1 m ² . So, in a room at 30 m ² this will be an average of 150 kg per day.

Picking mushrooms is a delicate process, and he does not tolerate haste. In addition, the harvested crop should be sorted by quality and size.

Before placing the mushrooms in the refrigerator, they should be cooled a little in a room with artificially low temperature.

It is not recommended to fill the cold boxes with boxes with ready-to-send products to the top, since even there mushrooms need air circulation.

If, for some reason, the mushroom's head is covered with patches of brown or gray, and the leg is twisted, it means that it is urgent to remove the sick mushroom from the mycelium along with its nearby "relatives." Place the lesion sprinkled with table salt. If you do not carry out these measures, you can infect the entire plantation, and you will have to start a business first.

If a disease is found, it is required to find the source and neutralize it. This can be caused by mold, which is easily eliminated. It is desirable to burn rotten mushrooms, and after that carefully disinfect clothes and hands.

In no case should you use chemical preparations or poisons from pests. After their use, the mushrooms will become hazardous to health and must be destroyed. It is better to lose mycelium or several than to risk someone's life.

Mushrooms are not too capricious, so it's enough to check ventilation carefully , no mold and insects to get a thriving and profitable business.