Gooseberries Grushenka: a description of the variety. Cultivation, care

Among the many varieties of gooseberries, gardeners give considerable preference to the gooseberry Grushenka. Its appearance is due to the All-Russian Selection and Technology Institute of Horticulture and Nursery.

Description and characteristics of the plant

Gooseberries Grushenka is a medium-sized bush with thick foliage. The branches are not strongly scattered, but are in a bundle. Characterized by excellent branching of annual shoots. Has a strong ability to form new shoots, the thickness of which is of medium size. They have no spines and close interstices. On the branches grow leaves with a bright green color and a slight presence of luster. The inflorescence can be two- and three-color. Due to the fact that gooseberry Grushenka refers to the medium-late variety, its flowers are rarely exposed to spring frosts. It is resistant to diseases such as powdery mildew.

Berry

Variety of gooseberries Grushenka berries has a round-pear shaped medium size. The weight of the berries is just over 4 g. They grow on the entire branch of the two-year-old age, and also over last year's shoots. They have a pleasant sweet-sour taste.

How to plant gooseberries?

This fastidious plant needs certain growing conditions. It loves a lot of light and does not bear fruit in shaded places. Gooseberries Grushenka does not like excessive moisture, so this plant can not be planted on wetlands or on those that are located in the lowland. It is not recommended to plant the plant in places where a currant or gooseberry bush had previously been found. This is due to the fact that the previous plants could have a disease such as a glass jug or scab, and a young bush can easily catch these diseases. Very well acclimatized and grows on those sites where vegetables were previously sown.

How to plant gooseberries? Before planting, it is necessary to clean the soil of all weed plants. The most favorable time for planting is early autumn. At first digging pits with a diameter of more than 40 cm. It is necessary to pour fertilizers, since after planting the young plant will need a lot of additional fertilizing. How to feed gooseberries? As a fertilizer, humus or compost is applied to one bush. You can put 200 g of superphosphate or twice as much wood ash. If the gooseberry sits on acidic soil, it is additionally recommended to add 150 g of chalk. Instead, you can use dolomite flour in the same amount.

It is necessary to carry out constant watering. In droughty weather, he needs two buckets of water. Further, the soil is mulched with dry grass grass or humus. If several seedlings sit at the same time, the pits for them are digging at a distance of 2 m.

Gooseberries: spring care

Like any other plant, the fruit-bearing bush needs care. It is necessary to systematically remove all weeds, loosen the soil, carry out fertilizing, watering, pruning. The root system of the bush is small, so it is shallow. In hot weather, the moisture from the top layer of the soil evaporates quickly, so the bush should be thoroughly watered, not allowing the drying of the root system. To obtain a good harvest, gooseberry Grushenka watered and early in the spring, during the ovary. At the same time of year, before bud blossoming, it is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizer under the bush. A year after planting in the autumn period, you can add phosphate-potassium and organic fertilizers to the bush. To ensure that the branches of gooseberries do not interfere with caring for the bush, they need to be lifted from the ground with support.

Pruning of bushes

Pruning must be performed early in the spring, until the buds are blooming. Since the main amount of the crop falls on branches up to the age of three, the old ones must be removed. Cuts also dried and diseased branches, thickening bushes small shoots. Pruning is carried out at the level of the soil at the very base of the bush. Places of slices are recommended to be covered with garden varnish. It is recommended to do this every two years. Otherwise, the bush will become thick, and the fruits inside it will be too small.

Reproduction of gooseberry

After the winter, when the snow is completely gone, grooves of shallow depth are dug out near the bushes. They put long annual shoots, without taking them from the bush. In order for them to stay in this position, they are pinned to the ground with a hook made of either wood or aluminum wire. The prishpilennye branches are covered with earth and thoroughly watered. Throughout the season the soil in this place should be constantly loosened and moistened. With proper care, the root system appears after one year. After its appearance the seedling is separated from the bush, dug out and transplanted to a prepared place.

Reproduction can be carried out and vertical layers. Before the bud blossoming, weak root shoots are removed, the soil around the bush is dug, compost and water are added. Inside the bush a "pillow" made of humus and any mulching material is made. Its height should be about 30 cm. Throughout the season there is an abundant top dressing of the bush by Mullein infusion. The root system on the layers will appear in the next autumn. They are immediately separated and transplanted to a permanent place.

In the autumn period, it is possible to divide bushes, which are more than 5 years old. To implement this process, they need to be fully digged. In order for the root system to be clearly visible, it completely shakes the earth. Then, using an acute pruner she divides into several parts. For better rooting in a new place, the fruiting branches should be removed, leaving only young shoots, shortening them to 30 cm. This will help the bush to direct all the forces to good rooting, and not to the development of the fetus.

Diseases and treatment of gooseberries

Many are interested in what kind of gooseberry should be taken care of in the spring with diseases. Among the numerous diseases the most common is Septoria. On the leaves of the bush there are spots of gray hue. Then they form black dots that spread throughout the sheet. This leads to its premature drying and shedding. It should be noted that the disease after falling leaves does not disappear. Therefore, if such a problem occurs, the fallen leaves need to be burned.

Zinc, sulphate manganese and boron will help to get rid of this disease. They can also be used to prevent this disease, to prevent its appearance.

Another common disease is powdery mildew, which is the most dangerous for any plant. The first signs are the white coating formed at the bottom of the leaf. If it is not noticed, then on it rough brown consolidations are formed. To save such gooseberries is very difficult, but you can not leave it in this state, because the disease can easily hit the neighboring bush. In this case, a solution of boron, manganese sulphate or copper, which is introduced into the soil around the bush, is required.

Pests of gooseberries

But diseases are not the only danger in the growth and development of the bush. Insects can also damage crops and have a detrimental effect on leaves and the root system. The greatest harm is caused by a gooseberry sawmill. When it appears, treatment of gooseberry with tincture of tobacco, wormwood or yarrow is necessary. No less effective is spraying with a soap solution.

To prevent the appearance of harmful insects before the beginning of winter, the soil around the bush must be digged to a depth of more than 10 cm. This will help to destroy all the insects that hid for the winter.