Glands of internal secretion of the person and mechanisms of their control

One of the most important values in the life of the body have hormones. These are the so-called biological substances. Their formation and development is the main task that the glands of the inner secretion of man perform. Endocrine glands do not have excretory ducts. The hormones they produce fall into the bloodstream, and then spread through the body, fulfilling their function. There are also mixed and exocrine glands. To the mixed include the sex glands. Hormones that produce glands of internal secretion of a person have the ability to produce a certain effect. Some can accelerate growth, others can make changes in metabolic processes. Thus, in no case should their importance be minimized.

Control Mechanisms

But there must be something that regulates their work. And there is such an organ. All glands are governed by the feedback principle due to the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Hypothalamus is the supreme center of regulation, which is controlled by all the glands of internal secretion. Influence on them, it has indirectly through the pituitary gland or the nervous system. The pituitary gland is a brain appendage that, in response to the signals of the hypothalamus, is able to produce hormones that affect growth, reproductive function and metabolism. In addition to the pituitary gland, there are other endocrine glands in the human body. The thyroid gland produces hormone thyroxine. It has a stimulating effect on oxidative processes, regulates protein, fat, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism, and is also able to influence the central nervous system. Insufficient function of the gland in children can lead to the development of such an unpleasant illness as cretinism. In an adult, a deficiency of thyroid hormones causes a myxedema. Glands of internal secretion have the opportunity to have a negative impact and in the case of its excess functioning. So, hyperthyroidism leads to Graves' disease.

Other glands

There are other glands of the inner secretion of man:

"Thymus." It produces thymosin, which affects calcium metabolism and neuromuscular transmission.

- The epiphysis. The main hormone of this gland is melatonin. Its function is to inhibit gonadotropic hormones.

- The adrenal glands. Produce 4 types of hormones: corticosterone, adrenaline, norepinephrine, and sex hormones. Corticosterone affects most metabolic processes. Norepinephrine is a mediator of excitation in synapses, and adrenaline acts in much the same way as the sympathetic nervous system.

- Pancreas. Its main hormones are glucagon and insulin. Glucagon affects the conversion of glycogen into glucose, and insulin interacts with cell membranes, increasing their permeability to glucose.

As you can understand, the glands of the inner secretion of a person are extremely important. That is why it is necessary to observe your condition, and at the first suspicion of changes in the hormonal background, seek help from a specialist.