GAZ-24-95: technical characteristics, photo. Autogenes of the USSR

The car GAZ-24-95, created by order of party leaders, was ahead of its time in many nuances. From it began the appearance of passenger luxury sedans with all-wheel drive. It's a pity that the car was unclaimed as a serial car. In total, 5 prototypes were produced, which were then mercilessly tested in off-road conditions.

Start

To conduct various experiments with the layout of a comfortable passenger car body and all-wheel drive chassis at the Gorky Automobile Plant began in the second half of the 30s. Vitaliy Grachev was one of the first engineers-designers in this field. For some time this idea did not find the desired response, and returned to it already in Khrushchev's time. He actively sought to develop the agricultural sector in the country. The secretaries of the regional committees for this reason constantly visited collective farm fields. Naturally, ZIMs, as well as party representative "Victories" on the collective-farm roads quickly lost all their properties, and the leadership of the party believed that shaking on such roads was below their dignity.

Specially for rural roads

And now, on GAZ comes the assignment to develop a car that would be both comfortable and passable so that the rural country roads are not terrible for it. As a result, the department of passenger cars of the plant makes M-72, equipped with a full drive in the body of "Victory". The car was created on the basis of nodes from GAZ M-20, and also GAZ-69. This is how GAZ-24-95 was born, the history of which will begin. In 1973, the plant received an order from the Gorky Regional Committee to develop and produce for Brezhnev a four-wheel drive vehicle based on one of the newly created sedans from the new generation at the plant. The plant did not need anything fundamentally new. Moreover, GAZ specialists had similar experience in adapting works on Victory.

And the work began to boil. The design of the car lasted only one year. For this time, managed to create as many as five prototypes, designed for all sorts of tests and checks. Developments were conducted under the leadership of B. Dehtyar, who then directed the transmission department. The layout of GAZ-24-95 was occupied by F. Lepedin. Previously, he was engaged in the project GAZ M-72.

Features and technical problems in the development

The car was characterized by excellent cross-country ability. Everything is easily explained - the bulk of the design is borrowed from UAZ-469. But there was a lot of differences, and one of them - GAZ-24-95 "Volga" did not have a frame as such.

But during the design there were some problems. The fact is that in the process of adaptation work, when trying to incorporate into the design of the Volga, the system of AWD 4-wheel drive significantly increased the angles of cardan shafts that go from the transfer box to the driving bridges. For a passenger off-road vehicle this construction was unacceptable. Because of this arrangement, the noise level increased significantly and vibration increased. Also, engineers allowed the possibility of installing the GAZ-69 transmission. However, this model was no longer produced for about a year, and it was unacceptable to install on the GAZ-24-95 prototypes what is no longer produced. If such a model went into series, then there would be difficulties not only with the nodes themselves, but also with their maintenance.

Combating Vibration and Noise

The designers did not waste time and tried to solve the problem with vibrations and noise. So, there were attempts to transfer the transmission below. But due to this, the already small ground clearance decreased - all the advantages of this SUV were reduced to nothing.

By trial and error, the angles of installation and tilt of the cardan shafts were reduced to a minimum. At the checkpoint, an abrasive was added to reduce noise from the gears. The dispenser was decided to be lowered below. All this solved some of the problems. But to operate the car even in this form was uncomfortable. Part of the noise helped to get rid of vibration isolation.

Transmission, suspension: how it's done

More with the GAZ-24-95 no serious problems were. So, the front axle was regular from the GAZ-24 - it was simply deployed. To him were added other stockings, shorter ones. Also used cams from UAZ. In differentials, not traditional gears were installed, but a mechanism of increased friction.

To bridge the car GAZ-24-95 "Volga" had good moves up and down, and replaced the design of the powertrain pallet. Also moved the oil receiver. The springs were removed, but springs were used instead. The brackets were fixed on a transverse beam, located under the skirt between the side members. Suspension was equipped with limiters, and also made original fasteners for shock absorbers. Due to the use of springs from the front suspension, the stabilizers were removed. Then they moved to the system of the rear suspension, which has not undergone any special changes. The fact is that the bridges were installed under the springs, and not over them.

In addition, we had to shift the steering rods, which required the use of a longer steering shaft. The latter had to be finalized. A small change touched the bottom of the car. The exhaust system was of a slightly different shape, it should be arranged differently. After all, the suspension scheme is now UAZ.

The body remained the same without major changes. As for rubber, then GAZ-24-95, the creation of which was almost finished, did not install any off-road rubber. Here was the most common city tires from the "Seagull". The wheels were also original - from the GAZ-21. The machine was tested on this rubber. In the interior, as well as in the exterior, there was no change. The only thing that has been done is to change the emblem. In the rest, there are no distinctive elements in the saloon of the all-wheel drive Volga.

A car that has remained expert

In the serial assembly assembly this model did not go. However, the price of production was quite high. The difficulties were with the technical equipment, and for maintenance, not only experience was needed, but also serious investments. Therefore, considering all the advantages and disadvantages, the plant management decided to postpone the project until better times. At the plant, they did not want to invest serious money in a project for which there was weak demand. More details can be found in magazines (there is an interesting article in number 78 - GAZ-24-95 "Volga", "Legends of the USSR").

Five prototypes

In 1974, almost manually, the plant's employees managed to collect as many as five prototypes of all-wheel drive "Volga", which received the index 24-95. Two cars were to immediately go to Moscow to their customers. There is unverified information that the car was used in forestry. The second car went to the secretary of the party Ustinov. The other two machines were commissioned by the Gorky Regional Party Committee in the process of creation. According to unconfirmed reports, the regional committee received only one car. And the second went to the military. The last copy was to remain at the factory. The car was used as a traveling car. Today the car is located on the territory of the plant. For some reason, it was not immediately given to the museum (only after a while), although there is an article in the magazine "Avtorelegdy SSSR", 78, GAZ-24-95 "Volga".

These days

It is known that three copies have survived. One of them can be found in the museum in Moscow. The second car is owned by a private owner in Nizhny Novgorod. Only two GAZ-24-95 cars survived. Its technical characteristics remained unchanged. On sale they can not be found. The all-wheel drive car GAZ-24-95 is a very rare rarity.