Exercises for the feet. Ploskovalgusnaya deformation of feet in children

Posture and legs experience simultaneous loading with the child's emerging ability to stand or walk. Attempts to withstand the balance that he undertakes by placing the body vertically in space certainly have some influence on the entire bone system of the body.

The most often flat-foot deformity of the feet in children manifests itself at the age of five, when parents pay attention to the pathological setting of feet during walking. If a manifestation of this pathology is found, it is necessary to contact the doctor in time to get adequate and effective treatment.

Synonyms of PVS in medical literature are: hypermobile, flat, collapsing, valgus, relaxed, weak, flaccid foot of the child. The incidence of such a pathology is 2.7%. It develops in the presence of functional age flat feet in 16-28 months or no later than three years of age.

Causes of pathology

• Weighed heredity (presence of flat feet in the immediate family).
• Rickets.
• Sock uncomfortable or someone else's shoes.
• Long walking.
• Excess body weight.
• Hypermobile joints.
• Circulatory disorders associated with infections.
• Pathology of bones.
• Injuries.
• Endocrine pathology.
• Dysplasia of connective tissue structures.
• Hypodinamy.
• Malnutrition, resulting in impaired metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D.
• Parezy, parilechi of the lower legs / stop, which is provoked by cerebral palsy, polio and other diseases.

Clinic of flat-foot deformities of feet in children

• When walking stops inward.
• Complaints of pain in the legs.
• Hunched posture.
• Thick, compacted foot.

In addition to the obvious manifestations of this pathology, there are the following symptoms:

• Increased flexibility in the joints of the feet.
• The foot is flattened, that is, the foot index is greater than 0.7.
• Valgus heel has an angle of 5-25 degrees.
• Retraction of the forefoot.
• The center of pressure moves along the foot to its inner part.
• The amplitude of the ears of the posterior parts of the feet increases.
• Pronation of the foot increases.
• The time of support on the heel decreases, in the phase of standing on the entire surface of the foot there is a premature tearing of the heel.
• There is no increase in the arch when climbing on socks in the case of a fixed valgus.
• High muscle activity when repelled.
• Increase in torso vibrations when walking.

Degrees of flatfoot

• The first degree - a slightly flattened flat foot, has the appearance of a cosmetic defect.
• The second degree is a moderate or intermittent flatfoot. It shows signs that are visible to the unaided eye. Over time, there are pains in the ankles and back. The gait changes, there is clubfoot or "heavy" step.
• The third degree - flat feet expressed, accompanied by a complete deformation of the feet, which leads to violations in the musculoskeletal system and, as a consequence, the development of scoliosis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis and hernias of intervertebral discs. The pain is increasing, there are problems when walking, and sports are not possible.

Diagnostics

• Collection of complaints, anamnesis (including the elucidation of the hereditary factor).
• General examination of the limbs when walking and at rest.
• Ultrasound.

• Podometriya.
• Computer Planography.
• Radiography in three different projections.

Treatment

Therapy of this pathology is reduced to:

• Foot baths;
• Massage;
• Paraffin therapy;
• Mud and ozocerite applications;
• Electrophoresis;
• Magnetic therapy;
• Electric stimulation of the muscles of the shins and feet;
• Acupuncture;
• Exercise therapy (gymnastics for feet);
• Swimming.

Massage

Massage, like gymnastics for the feet, plays a special role in therapy in this pathology. It promotes proper growth and development of the lower extremities of the baby. Also, massage helps to strengthen the muscles of the foot and lower legs, normalizes their tone (relieves stress), improves blood circulation, making the muscles more elastic and durable.

And to get rid of the child from PVS it is necessary to massage: the feet, back, muscles and joints of the legs, lower back, buttocks.

Exercises for the foot

The main rules in the employment of this complex are daily and permanent (long-term) implementation.

To conduct a course of "gymnastics with flat feet" will be needed: sand or grains, pencils, pens (that is, small items), a chair comfortable for the child, a medium-sized ball.

1. The starting position: the child sits on a chair, both his legs are on the ball. Strongly pressing both feet, the ball is rolled on the floor. In the presence of a mechanical massager, it is used instead of a ball.
2. The initial posture as in the first exercise, with force squeeze the ball then the left, then the right foot.
3. To perform the third exercise for the feet, you must sit on the floor and cross your legs in your knees ("in Turkish"). Performing gymnastics a little lifts and becomes on the outer parts of both feet. When doing this exercise, you need to make sure that, if possible, the legs remain straightened, and when you return to the starting position, it turns out that it is the other leg. Repeat the exercise should be at least 15 times.
4. To perform the next exercise, you will need to sit down again on the chair, and stretch your legs forward and straighten. Fingers of the feet, it is necessary to carefully collect small items that are laid out on the floor, and move them to another place. The duration of this exercise is 10 minutes. Alternatively, you can collect tissue (say, a napkin or handkerchief) with your toes.
5. Repeat several times: stand on your toes, and then sink to the foot completely.

In addition to those described above, it is recommended to perform such simple exercises for feet as:

• The rotation of the feet in different directions.
• Turning the feet inwards.
• Bending of the sole.
• Bending of the rear of the foot.
• Squeezing-unclenching of the toes.

There is another gymnastic complex (gymnastics with flat feet), used for flat-wool deformation. It is worth noting that, combining all the described exercises throughout the day, you can achieve a speedy recovery:

• Walking on a fine grain or sand for fifteen minutes a day.
• Walking in a warm bath, at the bottom of which a pimply rubber mat or small pebbles is laid out. And the water in the bath should be above the ankles and have a temperature of about 35 degrees.
• Walking on a horizontally laid staircase or traveling on a Swedish wall.

Exercises on Bubnovsky

In accordance with the theory and numerous studies of Dr. Bubnovsky, the following exercises are remarkable for treating such pathologies as flat feet, varicose veins, spurs of feet, arthritis of the ankle, gout, migraine, ankle edema, and also suitable as rehabilitation measures after injuries or operations on the calcaneus tendon . Repeat every exercise for Bubnovsky must be at least 15-20 times.

1. Repulsion. Performed in the position on the back of the lying, while the legs are at a distance from each other (shoulder width), and the arms are stretched along the sides of the trunk. Changing your legs, you need to maximally pull your big toes away from yourself, and then to yourself. If properly executed, the heel will be slightly extended.
2. The janitors. The position is the same as in the case of repulsion. The thumbs of the feet should be diluted and reduced to the maximum possible limit. It is necessary to try to lay a finger (large) on the bed. When performing the exercise, the shin should be slowly twisted.
3. Rotation. Performed on the back. The feet are rotated clockwise and counterclockwise in turn, with the thumbs on the legs describing the circles.
4. Fist. Perform in the position on the back. It is necessary to imagine that the feet are palms. Fingers at the same time need to embrace an imaginary apple. Then it is necessary to spread the fingers to the limit.

Recommendations

In addition to massage and exercise for the feet, an important aspect is wearing the right shoes:

Child's shoes should be:

• Made only from natural high-quality breathable raw materials, and these requirements are applied to the insole and to the top of the shoe.
• Comfortable, and therefore do not squeeze and do not rub the child's leg.
• Equipped with a hard high back.
• To fix a leg or foot is dense enough, that is to have lacing or velcro.
• Equipped with a non-slip, firm sole and a small heel.

The inner edge of the shoe must be straight, so that the first (large) finger does not bend inward, the height of the heel is no more than 1-2 centimeters for babies up to the age of two and not more than 4 centimeters from 3 years and older.

Much attention should be paid to orthopedic insoles, with light flat feet, it is possible to use serial products, and in case of heavy flatness, only manufactured individually.

The use of special insteps should not be permanent. So, on the 1st day they wear no more than an hour, and then increase the time of socks every day for half an hour.

When choosing shoes, you should be guided by its spaciousness and depth. It should be remembered that too stiff, tight, narrow shoes reduce the effectiveness of orthopedic insoles and insteps, and subsequently can even lead to damage to the feet.

You can not rush a child to start walking or standing on legs, if he is not ready for it, in addition, it is worthwhile to limit the time of standing of children.

Having noticed any signs of flatfoot, you should immediately consult an orthopedist and begin treatment as soon as possible.