Egypt. The geographical position of Egypt, the capital, map

Who has not seen the Sphinx or the famous pyramids in Giza? All from childhood, Egyptian gods, pharaohs and hieroglyphs are familiar. The culture of this country is one of the most popular and mysterious in the world, so it attracts so much attention. But if you ask about the exact location of Egypt, its capital, about its seas and neighboring countries, few will be able to answer. The geographical position of Egypt for many remains a mystery.

Egypt on the world map

This country is located immediately on two continents - in the southwest of Eurasia (in the Sinai Peninsula) and in the north-east of Africa. Its area is a little more than 1 million square kilometers. For comparison: the area of Great Britain - 244 thousand square meters. Km., And Russia - 17 million square meters. Km.

The geographical position of Egypt, located at the junction of the two continents, provides him direct access to the two seas and the channel connecting them. It is about the Mediterranean Sea in the north of the country and about the Red Sea in the east. They are connected among themselves by the Suez Canal, which is considered the boundary between the continents. The closest neighbors of Egypt are several countries. This is Libya in the west, Sudan in the south and Israel in the east.

Geographical data and population

Being not the largest country, Egypt nevertheless belongs to the twenty countries with the largest population. There live 79 million people. Most of the inhabitants, however, are forced to live in areas close to the seas and rivers. The rest of the country is occupied by deserts: this is the famous Sahara, or rather, its part; Arabian and Libyan deserts. They covered Egypt by 90%. The geographical position of the country is such that most of it is uninhabitable.

Nevertheless, Egypt is rich in minerals. It produces oil, phosphates, iron ore, natural gas, manganese, limestone, lead and zinc. About a tenth of the country's territory is occupied by agricultural land. Many families live rather poorly and are forced to engage in farming.

At the state level, tourism is one of the main incomes of the country. Look at the sights, swim in the sea and get acquainted with the culture of the most mysterious country in the world comes a lot of tourists, although in recent years their number has significantly decreased.

Climatic conditions

Previously, we already found out where Egypt is. The geographical position of this country from the point of view of climatic zones is very convenient - first of all for farmers who are quite numerous here. From this point of view, Egypt can be called an agrarian country. Southern territories are in the tropical belt, and the northern territories are in the subtropical zone. This arrangement allows farmers to receive 3 crops per year, so the markets are always full of fruits and berries. Nevertheless, a small amount of rainfall forces the use of additional irrigation systems.

Another problem of the Egyptians is the constant change in air temperature. And this difference is expressed in the night cooling. But the seasons are not so noticeable here as in the countries to the north. The air temperature in Egypt in winter usually does not drop below +10 degrees.

Ancient Egypt and the Nile

Problems with climate and humidity in the country have always been. Therefore, the first settlers, like modern residents, were eager for water. The emergence of the State of Egypt and its growth are directly linked to the rivers. The main one was Nile. It is the second largest river in the world and the largest in the country. Only because of its annual floods did ancient Egypt develop. The geographical position of the country in the old years was somewhat different from the modern one. It was divided into 2 parts - Lower and Upper Egypt, which for a long time were at enmity. Their unification led to the creation of a single state, headed by the dynasty of the pharaohs.

Nile floods occurred in the summer, falling closer to the second half of autumn. Leaving, water left on the banks of the silt, which enriched the soil and made it incredibly fertile. It is also believed that not only spills, but also the name of the country owes the Nile. The Greeks called it "Egiptos", and later the whole country began to be called that.

Capital and the largest cities

Despite the fact that the geography of Egypt does not have a comfortable life throughout the country, the population density in the largest cities is about 1.5 thousand people per 1 square kilometer. If we take into account deserts and sparsely populated areas, this figure will only slightly exceed 60 people.

Cairo is not only the capital, but also the largest city in the country. It is home to over 6.5 million people. This is the twelfth part of all the people who inhabit Egypt. The geographical position of Cairo, like other major cities of the state, is associated with the Nile. The capital is located directly on the river and occupies both its banks in the northern part of the country.

Another major city is Alexandria. The number of residents in it is 2 times inferior to the population of the capital. It is located on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and is the largest port of the country. The city of El-Giza, with a population of 4.5 million people, ranks third in the list of the largest cities in Egypt. All those who are at least familiar with the culture of the country know perfectly well what he is famous for. It is Giza every year attracts many tourists who want to look at one of the wonders of the world - the Egyptian pyramids.

Not included in the list of the largest cities in the country, but at the same time quite significant are Suez with a population of 411 thousand people and Port Said. It has about 470 thousand inhabitants.

Main Attractions

It is not so much the sea, how many amazing cultures each year attracts many tourists to Egypt. The geographical location of the main attractions, as well as the country itself, is inextricably linked with the Nile. After all, it was around him that centuries the whole civilization developed, leaving memories of himself in the form of monuments of culture and architecture.

The Sphinx, as well as the pyramids of Cheops, Khafre and Mikerin are located in Giza. The city of Luxor is also rich in various attractions. It is here that one of the most preserved temples of Ancient Egypt is located. In many other cities tourists are also waiting for a lot of monuments of architecture - in Alexandria, Cairo, in ancient Karnak, etc.