Consequences of knee joint injuries. Prosthetics and rehabilitation

The knee joint is considered the largest in the human body, because it is formed by the patella, the femoral and tibia, and is strengthened by strong ligaments. The smooth glide of the joint provides synovial fluid, which is in a special bag. Normal functioning of the foot during running and walking depends on ligaments, muscles and menisci - intraarticular lamellar bodies. The base of the knee joints is formed by the quadriceps muscle, which passes into the patella, as well as the lateral and cruciate ligaments. All this allows a person to move and feel easy and comfortable.

Frequent damage to the knee joints is due to the fact that they are superficially located. If you fix the foot and sharply turn the torso, there will be an excessive load on the ligaments of the knee, as a result of which they will rupture. Such injuries are often observed in athletes who are engaged in football, gymnastics, skiing, athletics and wrestling.

Indications for prosthetic knee joints

This includes:

• Post-traumatic arthrosis ;
• Development of knee tumors;
• Aseptic necrosis;
• Intraarticular fracture of the femoral or tibia;
• Patellar disease;
• Rheumatoid polyarthritis;
• Joint damage in psoriasis, arthritis, gout;
• Degenerative-dystrophic pathologies;
• Incorrect jointing of knee joints after fractures;
• Changes in bones or damage to the ligament apparatus;
• Bechterew's disease, accompanied by osteoarthritis.

Prosthesis of the knee joint is the only way to restore the lost functions of the lower limbs. This operation is highly accurate, due to which the patient's joint returns to health. Procedures of this kind are more often prescribed for older persons, since they lead a less active lifestyle than young people. It should be noted that implanted joints can last more than twenty years.

Rehabilitation of the knee after trauma

A major role in the elimination and prevention of post-traumatic effects is played by special physical exercises, which are the main factors supporting the vital activity of healthy people and stimulating
Recovery processes in patients. In complex treatment of diseases of the knee joints , health-improving physical training is necessarily prescribed, which has a favorable multi-faceted effect on the body, controls venous outflow, prevents blood congestion, normalizes microcirculation and prevents degenerative changes. When choosing the necessary set of exercises, the severity and nature of the trauma, the mental state of the patient, and the degree of physical training should be considered first.

In diseases of the musculoskeletal system, physiotherapy methods such as magnetotherapy, UHF and ultrasound are widely used. These procedures help reduce edema and reduce pain. Also for rehabilitation purposes, laser therapy, muscle electrical stimulation, and phonophoresis with the use of various medications can be prescribed. In addition, manual therapy is used to strengthen muscles and correct the imbalance that occurs after prolonged immobilization of the limb.