Causes and types of keratoma. Treatment of neoplasms

Keratoma refers to skin changes that are expressed in a diffuse or limited powerful thickening of the stratum corneum. In a literal translation keratoma means "horny tumor". Such hardening is considered a benign growth that forms on the body due to the growth of the horny layer of cutaneous epithelium. After 30 years, a person can manifest keratomas independently of sex. Treatment of these neoplasms, if necessary, should be performed only by a specialist. Self-removal of keratoma can lead to serious consequences. Injury of the built-up edge can provoke its degeneration into squamous cell carcinoma.

The main sign of keratoma is the appearance on the skin of a slightly convex patch more often grayish or coffee-colored. Its surface can be peeled off, after a certain time, the growth of formation is observed. With an increase in its size, the stain is covered with fairly dense crusts. They often come off and crumble, which is accompanied by unpleasant pain and bleeding.

The main reason for the appearance of keratoma is the peculiar reaction of mature skin to long stays under the open rays of the sun. Excess ultraviolet helps to overgrowth of the epidermis and its subsequent cornification. Neoplasm is not a contagious disease, but there is often a predisposition to inherit keratoma. Treatment of a "horny tumor" depends on its type.

There are the following types of keratas: solar, horny, seborrhoeic, follicular, senile. Mostly they spread on the open areas of the body (neck, face, back, on the hands). Can be observed as single neoplasms, and multiple.

Solar keratoma, also known as actinic keratosis, refers to precancerous diseases. Most often this species is manifested in men. Actinic keratosis affects skin areas exposed to the sun, and manifests itself as multiple foci covered with dry gray scales.

Keratoma senile, known as senile keratosis, also more often develops in the form of similar numerous whitish-colored formations. As they increase, they take the form of plaques with a grayish crust and are prone to inflammation. Their appearance is usually observed after 50 years, but often they occur much earlier. The face, neck, and also the wrists, shin, chest, forearm, back are the main places where the old keratoma is more often localized. Treatment of it consists in elimination of neoplasm with the help of laser, radio wave method, cryodestruction, electrocoagulation, surgical excision method. In keratomas of multiple character, aromatic retinoids are additionally prescribed.

Keratoma cornea is manifested as an ionic or linear growth above the skin of the tumor, more often of dark color. It can manifest itself in the form of multiple and single outgrowths on any part of the skin. It is characterized by completely different shapes and sizes. Getting rid of horny keratoma is desirable at an early stage of its appearance, as it tends to degenerate into malignant neoplasms.

Follicular keratoma is extremely rare. The disease manifests itself in the form of nodules grayish, sometimes pink in color, reaching a diameter of 1.5 centimeters. Follicular keratoma often appears in women, the main place of its localization is the area of the hairline.

Seborrheic keratosis, manifested on the skin in the form of a yellow or brown spot, is one of the most dangerous types of ailment. This is more often the multiple formations that arise on the skin of the face, neck, limbs, in the area of the hairline. Unaesthetic appearance, propensity to enlargement, densification and flaking, itching, painful sensations are far from being the whole list of those inconveniences that the seborrheic keratoma gives to its owner. Treatment of such growth It is necessary to hold only a highly qualified specialist, since any of his independent damage leaves an open bleeding wound, which is easily able to penetrate the infection. Serious complications can result from it.

If you observe all the necessary measures of hygiene and prevention (to monitor changes in plaques, their condition, hide from the sun, prevent damage), there is no need to remove keratomas. Treatment is necessary if neoplasms are often traumatized (clothing, linen, etc.), have a non-aesthetic appearance. For the removal of keratomas, such techniques as cryodestruction, laser, electrocoagulation, radiosurgery are used. Scars and scars after the procedures conducted by an experienced doctor, does not remain.

One of the traditional methods is still surgical intervention, which helps To eliminate keratomas. Treatment with this method is performed under appropriate anesthesia.

Multiple eruptions, increases and degeneration of keratitis, accompanied by bleeding or pain, require an oncologist to determine the nature of the lesions.