Bridge over the Amur: photo, length, construction

The bridge across the Amur is located not far from the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur. There is a possibility of two-way and one-way traffic. The railway began to function in 1975, and in 1981 there was already a motorway. The bridge ends in Khabarovsk.

Technical miracle

The bridge over the Amur in Khabarovsk was built between 1913 and 1916. He had one way. The author of the project was LD Proskuryakov. It was planned to put the railway into operation.

Also, the means of military movement on foot was developed on one of 2 sidewalks that supported the console, or on wheels through the roadway. At the bridge, nineteen supports of intermediate type, the rest were built with the help of caissons, laid at a depth of 19.2 meters. Nine of them were made using steel, and the rest - reinforced concrete and wood.

The structures of the bays closer to the left bank have the form of an arch and are accessible for driving. Designer hingeless arches became GP Peredery, who planned their creation of reinforced concrete. The buildings from above are a composition of pillars and a ballast trough. The belt is parabolic from above. The foundations were laid strong, the facing of the supports was carried out by granite.

Construction at Komsomolsk-on-Amur

The construction of the bridge across the Amur was planned even during the construction of the settlement of Komsomolsk-on-Amur in 1932, when it was necessary to connect the two coasts of the river with the future Baikal-Amur main line.

The project was developed by the Lengiprotransmost Institute, which received a proposal that included three options for constructing the crossing. According to one of them, it could be located within the city under construction, on the second and third - in its line and slightly lower.

At that time, while the bridge across the Amur was not yet working, citizens had to use the ferry. When the railroad from Khabarovsk to the Soviet Harbor began to function, railroad ferries began to be used. In winter, it was necessary to freeze ice and create a temporary path.

In 1961, a river-type icebreaker was put into operation, which worked in winter and autumn. With its help, it was possible to extend the navigation period. However, this site still needed changes and development.

From words to deeds

After a long delay in 1969, they began to build a bridge across the Amur. Construction work was completed in 1974. The last element was one of the nine pillars on which the bridge stood. The last structure of the span type was established on September 26, 1975.

The opening was solemn, since this object is of great practical importance for all its users. It became possible to cross the iron tracks. On the first day, when this item began its work, a train carrying passengers passed through it. The work of ferries, which they used thirty years before, ended here.

The design took into account the temporary load on the railway and road routes within the current technical conditions and construction norms. The structures that make up the bridge across the Amur were recreated by the forces of the Komsomolsk bridge-line belonging to the Mostostroy-8 trust.

Hi-tech

The main support is made of reinforced concrete structures that support span structures, forming a single road for trains and cars on two lanes. The territory intended for driving cars is on brackets. They are located in the lower side, if correlated with railroad spans.

A fairly massive structure is a bridge across the Amur. Its length is 1,4 thousand meters, the altitude is 24 meters above sea level.

When construction took place here between 1970 and 1971, the first and unique method of creating supports was applied at that time for the USSR. A distinctive feature is the use of columns standing on the foundation of reinforced concrete casings having a diameter of 3 m. Such a method was derived from K. Silin's workings, with the only difference being that they excluded the caisson foundation commonly used in the construction of large-sized objects filled with the Trans-Siberian Railway .

In order to anchor the shell deep into the bedrock, the drilling of the reactive-tube type was used, which again became a unique experience of such work with rocky soil.

The work involved a special unit used in such drilling, the RTB-600. It consists of 3 pipelines, due to which the tool rotates and can destroy the rock. Externally similar to cone bits.

Fundamentality

When the shells were immersed and reached the desired mark, the concrete mix was filled with a pipe moving vertically. Then there was a combination of structures using a slab of reinforced concrete, used a sheet- type fencing , to which the supporting structures were attached. Each shell reached 3 meters in diameter. The total number of such elements is 304 units.

As support devices are monolithic structures. Intermediate elements have granite lining and a sharpening at the top. They were ice-cutters with a sharp edge, located vertically. In these works, granite was used, which was mined in the Trykratninsky and Kiesovsky quarries.

Distinctive features

Not only an important transport, but also a military strategic object can be called a bridge across the Amur. His photos are capable of reflecting the full scale and fundamental nature of the design.

On both sides there are barbed wire fences, arranged in a pair of rows, with guard towers and pillboxes. By design, bicyclists and pedestrians are not allowed to move. On the left you can see the part where the military works. For training purposes, a miniature transition model was previously used there. If you find yourself on a bridge at a time when the wind is particularly strong, you can feel how the structure swings. This is due to its impressive length.

Both bridges - both in Khabarovsk and in Komsomolsk-on-Amur - are distinctive for their time structures. They can be called not just the roads between the two shores, but also the transitions from the past to the future in science.