Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya street in Moscow, Dorogomilovo district

Moscow is a huge living organism that grows and develops. Almost every year on its map there are new streets. However, there are also "veterans" in the city. These are the streets by which the ancestors of native Muscovites moved 200-300, and maybe even more years ago. Among them is the Big Dorogomilovskaya. It has a long history, and it retains the buildings that make the architectural appearance of the Russian capital unique.

Location:

Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya street is located in ZAO of Moscow in the territory of the district, which was recently given its name. It starts from the Borodino bridge near the square of the Kievsky Station and passes by the quay of T. Shevchenko to Kutuzovsky Prospekt. On the left, there is a second Bryansky lane and st. Mozhaisky Val, on the right - Ukrainian Boulevard and First Borodino Street.

Dorogomilovsky district

The area with this name is known from the 13th century. She was the patrimony of boyar Ivan Dorogomilov and was originally located in another place, on the left bank of the Moskva River. In the 16th century, in front of it, a Yamskaya Sloboda was founded. Its name - Dorogomilovskaya - soon passed and the area located in the bend of the Moscow River. As part of the capital in the Soviet period, it was adjacent to the Kiev area with the adjacent yards.

After the administrative reform, carried out in 1991, Kutuzovsky and Dorogomilovsky municipal districts were established. After 3 years they were united. Later, in 1995, as a result of the adoption of the relevant law, the Dorogomilovo district was formed.

History before the 20th century

From the end of the 16th century Dorogomilovskaya street was the main one in the same settlement. It became particularly important when in 1742 the Camer-Kollegsky shaft, which performed customs functions, was built. At that time Dorogomilovskaya Street ended at the gate of the eponymous gate, which is the "gateway" to Mozhayskoye highway. Soon, her name was added the epithet "Big". Its appearance was due to the fact that as a result of the construction of the adjacent territory a parallel street appeared, named Malaya Dorogomilovskaya.

For a long time, the area, which is now limited to the TTK, Berezhkovskaya and Taras Shevchenko Embankment, was the outskirts where the poor settled. There, for decades, no works have been carried out on the improvement, although a few hundred meters across the river there was a well-arranged and "ceremonial" Moscow.

The big Dorogomilovskaya street, built up by poor little huts, was repeatedly flooded during floods. The most destructive happened in 1879, when the waters of the Moskva River climbed 3 arshins, which is 213 cm. All the cellars were flooded, and apartment houses were damaged. Some even found themselves in the water completely and after its descent were not suitable for restoration.

At the beginning of the 20th century

In the middle of the 19th century, the era of coachmen's sunset came. It was connected with the fact that Moscow contacted the railway with Europe and with the cities located in the eastern provinces of the country. In the summer of 1899 the Bryansk (now Kiev) railway station was opened. This event led to the fact that the Big Dorogomilovskaya street in Moscow became one of the busiest in the capital, as all day long carriages drove the passengers of the railway along it. Soon, an intensive development of the adjacent area mainly 2-storey wooden houses.

In 1908 the territory of the modern Dorogomilovskiy district again suffered from a devastating flood. It was so powerful that the Bryansk railway station had to be closed and the trains were forced to leave Brest.

Although from the end of the 19th century it was possible to get to the center of Moscow from the Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya street to the center of Moscow, it could not provide for the need for public transport of the population of the district, whose number reached 100 thousand people. As a result of an appeal to the City Duma in 1909, a new tram line was launched from the Dorogomilovskaya outpost. In addition, kerosene-calyl lanterns were installed along the route of the cars, which were then a novelty for Russia.

In 1912, in preparation for the celebration of the centennial of the Patriotic War of 1812, the capital authorities began to discuss the issue of renaming the street Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya in Kutuzovskaya. However, the idea was found opponents, and in the end the old name was retained.

In the Soviet period

In the first half of the 1930s, the street was reconstructed and a second trolleybus route was launched in the capital. At the same time, the tram line was moved, and the Bogoyavlensky temple, which existed there since the 16th century, was destroyed. The Great Dorogomilovskaya Street itself was considerably expanded. Before the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, only buildings N 1 and 5 were able to be commissioned from the buildings that were planned to be built in accordance with the reconstruction project of the district. The rest of the buildings that can be seen today mostly appeared in the 1950s and 1960s and even later.

Obelisk "Moscow - Hero City"

This main decoration in the area of the street Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya appeared there in 1977. Obelisk "Moscow - Hero City" with a height of 40 meters is faced with gray hewn granite and is crowned with a large five-pointed golden star with a wing span of 2 meters. It is set on an artificial hill, piled in the center of the oval platform. At the foot of the obelisk on separate pedestals are 3 granite 5-meter sculptures depicting a worker, soldier and worker, who embody the unity of the front and rear.

Notable architectural objects on the street. Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya

Moscow is a city where there are many houses that are associated with the names of famous cultural figures, politicians, scientists and military leaders. For example, in house N 1 at one time lived Alexander Tvardovsky. In memory of the poet on his facade in 1977, a memorial plaque was installed . The building itself is noteworthy, since it was with its construction that a reconstruction began, thanks to which the Great Dorogomilovskaya street in Moscow acquired its modern look.

The house N is also of interest. It has an original silhouette and stands out among other buildings with unusual architectural elements in the style of constructivism.

House N 5 Building 2

As already mentioned, in the 1930s, the Big Dorogomilovskaya Street began to radically change its appearance. That is why, although its history is more than one century old, you will hardly see buildings of the pre-revolutionary period on it. One of the few surviving is the building N 5 building 2. The four-story building was built of brick in 1914, designed by the architect A. M. Gurzhienko as a lodging house for 8 flats. Today it houses the anti-penalty "Kocherga".

House No. 9 and the building at Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya Street, 10

The street in question was in various years a place where such famous figures of Soviet cinema as actress V. Telegin, filmmakers Mikhail Kalatozov, S. Gerasimov and A. Stolper lived. All of them were neighbors in the house N 9, which was built in 1954, and did not suffer from stellar illness, like modern filmmakers. In particular, they can often be seen in shops located in the neighborhood, for example, in the building at Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya, 10 (building 1). There and today there are many shops, consumer services and financial institutions, which is very convenient for residents of nearby houses, and in the second building there is the School of the Embassy of the Republic of India in Moscow.