Bolshaya Dmitrovka Street in Moscow: history, sights and location on the map of Moscow

Bolshaya Dmitrovka is one of the first streets in Moscow. It became known in the fourteenth century as a major trade route to Dmitrov, the nearest town to the Volga, in which the river port was located. Currently, the street is located in the Central Administrative District of the capital.

Formation of the settlement

Sloboda on both sides of the road to Dmitrov began to form in the XIV century. The bulk of the population were craftsmen and merchants. Sloboda was called Dmitrovskaya, since most of its inhabitants were from the same city.

XVI-XVII century

In the sixteenth-seventeenth centuries, people from Dmitrovskaya Sloboda were moved away from the Kremlin. The goal was the liberation of profitable territories for the local nobility. As the city developed, the settlement had to move even further along the road. The newly inhabited territories began to be called the Little Dmitrovskaya Sloboda.

XVIII century

In the middle of the eighteenth century, all settlements were considered streets and had the same names as today - Bolshaya Dmitrovka, Malaya Dmitrovka, Novoslobodskaya street.

The court officials were at ease and wide: the courtyards occupied whole blocks, the houses were surrounded by farm buildings, orchards and gardens. On the street-road it was possible to go to the earthen rampart, which went along the line of modern boulevards. It was done by Dmitrovsky Gate, so that the street passed on. When the construction of the brick walls of the White City began on the site of this tree, the aforementioned gates did not provide for. It is assumed that this was due to security considerations. The gate is known to be the most vulnerable place of the fortress. Thus, the Great Dmitrovka began to be blocked by a wall. The natural direction of the road was disturbed.

History of the house number 1

In the seventeenth century on the place where the building of the Noble Assembly was located, the estate of Volynsky was beautiful. The estate remained with the heirs of this boyar until the end of the XVIII century. Then the house number 1 passed to the governor-general of the capital Dolgoruky-Crimean - the prince who married the daughter of boyar Volynsky. The existing buildings in 1782 added another three and a half hundred square sajen yards adjacent to the burned St. George Monastery. In the same year for the new owner was built a well-known to this day Column Hall of the House of Trade Unions. The author of the project was the architect Kazakov. At the end of the era of noble households, the building of the Noble Assembly began to serve as a venue for concerts. Almost all world celebrities visited the stage of this hall.

Ul. Bolshaya Dmitrovka is the location of many historical monuments of the capital. Among them is the House of Trade Unions. This building, which is an example of classical architecture, was erected in the eighteenth century. The ancient manor is still a historical pearl of Moscow, and all thanks to the efforts of the builders, the talent of the architect and the tremulous care of this miracle construction. This building is under the protection of the state as an architectural monument.

House No. 2

The street Bolshaya Dmitrovka was the residence of the princes of Cherkasy. Representatives of this large and noble family lived in house No. 2 until the beginning of the seventeenth century. In 1821 the building was reconstructed. In 1869 in its walls began to hold meetings of the Artistic Circle. The members of the latter were not only famous artists. He was visited by Ostrovsky, Tchaikovsky, Pisemsky.

The fate of other buildings

On the street. Great Dmitrovka had many large yards belonging to princes Vyazemsky and Kozlovsky, boyars Streshnev, Saltykov, Buturlin, Sheremetiev and others. In the eighteenth century, they occupied almost the entire street, gradually replacing houses of representatives of other classes. The exception was only the church's account. The most extensive estate, extending its ownership up to the street. Tver, belonged to Saltykov. The main building at number 17 is now occupied by the theater of Nemirovich-Danchenko and Stanislavsky. Earlier, behind the house was a beautiful garden, which occupied almost a whole block.

Building under the sixth number

The first owners of the house were the princes Shcherbatov, then he moved to Solodovnikov (merchants). With the direct participation of the latter at the dawn of the twentieth century, the building was significantly altered at ul. Bolshaya Dmitrovka, 6. Theater Operetta, organized in the walls of the renovated building, still pleases connoisseurs of beauty. The most modern sound and light equipment was harmoniously placed in a classic cozy and beautiful hall.

Library of Arts on Bolshaya Dmitrovka

The Russian State Library of Arts is called an invaluable repository of the treasures of Russian art and culture, as well as the leading scientific and information institution of the country. Formation of the architectural appearance of this building took place in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The building is a model of mature classicism. Its facade has reached our days with minimal changes. At different times the estate was owned by N. E. Myasoedov and F. A. Tolstoy. The latter possessed the richest collection of Slavic-Russian early printed books and manuscripts, which in 1820 he sold to the public library of St. Petersburg. Soon after that, the house itself was sold under the hammer. From the beginning of the 1830s he was listed as the Director of the Imperial Theaters. Later, the capital's theater school moved to this building. In order to expand, two more buildings were erected in the courtyard of the house and a dance hall was equipped. At school there lived both pupils and teachers.

At present, the interior decoration of the first half of the nineteenth century, partially preserved in the building to the present day, is especially guarded.

Bolshaya Dmitrovka, 26

The Council of the Federation has been at this address since 1994. The complex of buildings appeared in 1983. The responsible architects Sverdlovsk and Pokrovsky worked on a responsible project. Stretched along the street, the left building was subsequently rebuilt. The right was rebuilt from the existing structure. Initially in this building lived OP Leve. The house was built in 1884-1885. On the project Zykov. In the years 1934-1937. He was re-shaped in accordance with the then fashionable trend of constructivism.

Twentieth Century

In the early 1920s, Bolshaya Dmitrovka briefly became the street of Eugene Potier, the author of the Internationale and an active participant in the Paris Commune. In 1937 it was renamed Pushkinskaya. This was connected with the centenary of the death of the great poet. Only in 1994 the street was finally returned to its historical name.

Works on the arrangement of the pedestrian zone on Bolshaya Dmitrovka were completed in September 2013. Its length is just under one kilometer (900 m). In the process of improvement of the streets, the facades of thirty-seven buildings were put in order, dismantled signboards and billboards that were not suitable for dimensions . Old street lanterns were removed, in their place appeared new, not connected with each other by wires-constrictions. In addition, they installed more than a hundred street sofas and granite benches, as well as 180 flower-girls and 71 urns.

Conclusion

Bolshaya Dmitrovka is the most famous metropolitan street. Currently, it is almost completely pedestrian. Muscovites and visitors of the city are very fond of walking along buildings that have absorbed the spirit of not one era.