Bologna education system

Since 2003, after Russia's accession to the Bologna Agreement, the Bologna system of education is widely and intensively introduced in Russia. In an effort to adjust higher education in Russia to European standards, the Ministry of Education introduces a two-tiered system of teaching in higher education: the first stage is bachelor's, the second is the master's program. The main arguments of the Ministry of Education were that Russian students will receive knowledge of the European level, as well as with the introduction of general rules of education will be able to enter the magistracy and continue their studies in the countries of the European Union.

This innovation has its pros and cons. The Bologna education system has many opponents both among students and among university professors and rectors. Some of them express the idea that Russia will train laboratory assistants for the West. But the biggest drawback is that the master's program in Russia will be paid. According to the forecasts of experts free magistracy in Russia will not. In Europe, for example, the cost of studying in a magistracy ranges from three to five thousand euros per year.

The Russian Student Union believes that by depriving students of the opportunity to receive free education at the magistracy, HEIs thus violate the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Federal Laws "On Higher Post-Graduate Professional Education" and "On Education". In Russia, the Bologna education system will lead to even greater commercialization of higher education, in fact, as some experts say, it will be a veiled transition from free education to paid education.

The Bologna system of education appeared in 1999 in Bologna, when 29 European countries decided to bring together different education systems and introduced a two-tier system of higher education, which gives students the opportunity to complete a master's degree after a bachelor's degree not only in basic but also in related specialty and better prepare for professional activity. World criteria for assessing students were worked out. Thus, the number of general, introductory subjects is reduced, and emphasis is placed on obtaining professional skills. The quality of education is controlled by transparent and strictly regulated parameters.

Some opponents believe that Russian universities will not be able to produce high-qualified specialists in 3-4 years without losing the quality of education and to fully comply with the West, the Russian educational method needs to be completely changed. For example, we do not take into account the time spent on independent work at home, and only those academic hours that were served in the classroom are counted.

Many experts consider it extremely unsatisfactory that under the undergraduate program of introductory subjects is much less than during the training of a specialist, which can lead to the formation of gaps in many general education disciplines. At present, the gap between the school curriculum and the university is very large, and with the transition to the Bologna system it will become even greater.

In Italy, between the school and the university there is an intermediate step - a college, without which it is impossible to enter the institute. It is possible that Russia will follow the same path. It is also planned in parallel with the introduction of the Bologna system to create buffer classes in schools for the professional initial training of children.

The modern education system in Japan includes 5 stages: a kindergarten, an elementary school, a secondary school of two levels, the lowest and the highest, and the university. The system of higher education is also two-level - bachelor's and master's degrees.

The education system in Japan has one distinctive feature, for example, the composition of groups and classes changes every year, and the composition of teachers also varies. At the end of the year, schoolchildren take exams, so the school year for them is just preparation for them. This can also explain the massive attendance of numerous private courses, especially those organized by teachers at home. But the most interesting is that with the basics of the profession, young Japanese are introduced to the school.

The opinions of experts on the transition to a new education system are very different. Who knows how it really will be ...