Where do they contain propionic acid bacteria?

которых будут рассмотрены далее, объединяются родом Propionibacterium. Propionic acid bacteria, the properties of which will be discussed below, are united by the genus Propionibacterium. He, in turn, is a member of the family Propionibacteriaceae. и используются эти микроорганизмы. Let us consider in more detail what characteristics propionic acid bacteria possess , where these microorganisms are contained and used.

Description

являются каталазоположительными, грамположительными, неподвижными, неспорообразующими аэротолератными микроорганизмами или факультативными анаэробами. Propionic acid bacteria are catalase-positive, Gram-positive, immobile, non-spore-forming aerotolerant microorganisms or facultative anaerobes. The optimum temperature for their growth is 30-37 degrees. They form colonies of brown, red, orange, cream or yellow. Cells of bacteria have a clavate shape. One end is narrowed, the other is rounded. The shape of some cells may resemble a cocoon, be branched or bifurcated. The elements are arranged singly, in pairs, and also short chains. содержат С15-насыщенную жирную кислоту мембранных липидов, менахиноны. Propionic acid bacteria contain C15-saturated fatty acid membrane lipids, menaquinones. When fermented, they form a specific substance. It is propionic acid. She, in fact, gave the name to these microorganisms. The genus Propionibacterium includes three groups of bacteria: Propionibacterium propionicus, cutaneous and classic.

Harkteristics

и молока. Classics include propionic acid bacteria of cheese and milk. They include 4 species: P. Acidipropionici, P. Jensenii, P. Thoenii and P. Freudenreichii. обитают, соответственно, на кожном покрове людей, в рубце разных жвачных животных. Cutaneous propionic acid bacteria live, respectively, on the skin of people, in the rumen of various ruminant animals. They are considered as biological protection and useful microflora. этого типа обеспечивают усиление иммуностимулирующих реакций, оказывают благоприятное влияние на сельскохозяйственных птиц и животных. Propionic acid bacteria of this type provide enhanced immunostimulatory reactions, have a beneficial effect on agricultural birds and animals. In this regard, they are used as components of preventive and curative drugs. Skin bacteria live not only on a healthy surface. They are found in eels, less often in the contents of the stomach, soft and purulent tissue abscesses, blood, wounds. However, their involvement in the onset of diseases has not been reliably established. The third group of bacteria includes only Propionibacterium propionicus. They live in the soil.

Synthetic abilities

They are quite developed in propionic acid bacteria, but differ depending on the species and strain. It is now established that some bacteria have the ability to carry out fixation of molecular nitrogen, synthesize vitamins (in particular, B12), use hydrocarbons. When fermented, they release biomass, which is widely used in practice. In addition, the product of their activities is acetic and propionic acids.

Enzymatically inactive biomass: application

The synthesis product is used:

1. In animal husbandry. Inactive biomass acts as a protein of a unicellular organism. Of particular importance are sulfur-containing amino acids, in particular methionine, threonine and lysine, B-group vitamins, trace elements. They are in large quantities contained in biomass, which is secreted by propionic acid bacteria.
2. , созданные из убитых нагреванием кожных микроорганизмов, обладают иммуностимулирующим, антибактериальным, антивирусным действием. Preparations created from heat-killed skin microorganisms have immunostimulating, antibacterial, antiviral effects. In addition, during the research it was found that P. Acnes have the ability to slow down the growth of various types of tumors, malignant including.
3. The killed P. Granulosum act as a source of porphyrins. They, along with metal complexes, are used as pigments and dyes, including in the food industry, as catalysts for redox reactions, oxidation of mercaptans in oil and petroleum products, hydrocarbons, etc. In addition, P. Granulosum can be used to create therapeutic and diagnostic drugs.

Active biomass

At present, in various fields, products are used that release propionic acid bacteria. , в частности, является одним из наиболее распространенных ингредиентов в пищевой промышленности. Leaven , in particular, is one of the most common ingredients in the food industry. For example, it is used in bakeries. Along with lactic acid bacteria and yeast, propionic acid microorganisms enter into some leaven. They provide an increase in the shelf life of bread. This is achieved due to the inhibitory effect of propionic acid on the development of mold fungi. In addition, the product is enriched with vitamin B12. This circumstance has special significance for people on a diet, and vegetarians. Starter cultures are also used for ensilage of forages. Active biomass is used in the production of B12. The creation of a vitamin by chemical synthesis in practice is impossible. For this, propionic acid bacteria are used.

Application in agriculture

During the harvest, pests can be destroyed up to 15% of its total volume. At a moisture content exceeding 14%, the grain is heated and begins to become moldy. Storage methods that involve drying, keeping at low temperatures or in a sealed container, are difficult to implement in practice. To solve these problems in some countries, spraying the grain with a weakly concentrated solution of propionic acid is carried out. It reduces the active growth of seeds, neutralizes microorganisms, and primarily mold fungi.

Propionic acid bacteria: "Evita"

In the mid-90s of the last century a group of Russian microbiologists created a unique product. He has an exceptionally high therapeutic-prophylactic effect and biological value. The product was named "Evita". When it is made, cow milk is used. Production is based on the method of fermentation using a special starter, presented as a stable symbiosis of bacterial cultures, among which the leading role is played by propionic acid bacteria.

Mechanism of action

Propionic acid bacteria are considered beneficial for the body. Being in the intestine, they repair proteins after stress, exposure to chemical compounds, ultraviolet. Bacteria prevent the formation of substances that promote the development of oncology. When they are present, the intestinal environment is modified to reduce the pH. Bacteria have an antagonistic effect on pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, stimulate the development of lacto- and bifidobacteria. It has been established that they have high resistance to antibiotics, in particular penicillin group, as well as sulfonamides and increased acidity of the gastric environment. All these unique properties of strains of propionic acid bacteria formed the basis of the mechanism of action of the "Evita" product. Moreover, it is considered the only remedy in which B12 is present in the therapeutic dose. This vitamin is involved in hematopoiesis, the activation of blood coagulability. It is indicated for malignant anemia, atherosclerosis, alcoholism, dystrophy, cerebral palsy, Down's syndrome, anemia (iron deficiency), multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, stomach polyposis.

Effects on casein (milk protein)

This element is poorly absorbed by the adult organism because of the lack of compounds that split it. When milk is squeezed using the "Evita" product, the protein breaks down completely into amino acids. They create a nutrient medium for beneficial intestinal microflora. In the process of fermentation, a lot of fatty volatile acids are also formed. Among them, acetic, propionic, oily, folic, isovaleric, formic and others. These acids act as the main source of nutrition of the intestinal epithelium. They also promote the conversion of primary bile acids into secondary bile acids and their reverse absorption. This effect is used in the treatment of the "Evita" product of diarrheal syndrome in patients with pathologies of the small intestine and liver.

Additionally

It should be noted that the symbiosis of bacteria chosen by scientists is distinguished by the high resistance of the finished product to the action of phenol. This, in turn, indicates the preservation of its therapeutic qualities in the digestive tract. In the Institute of Hygienic Regulation and Toxicology of Serpukhov, antimutagenic properties of the product were also proved. As a key feature of the remedy is its ability to quickly repair the microflora. It, in turn, ensures the mobilization of the body to fight a fairly large number of diseases.