What is favors and how to do them?

In modern times, applied art is the most fascinating hobby for many. Who draws paintings with watercolors, who knits lace patterns from threads, who engages in wood carvings, and someone simply makes paper sashes.

The concept of a fringe

The term "vytynanka" originated from the Ukrainian word "vytynat," which determines the action of excision.

Paper embossing is one of the trends of Ukrainian applied decorative art, cutting out beautiful patterns, ornaments, images, figures, landscapes and other subjects on paper. One of the simplest types of watering is the New Year's snowflake, cut from any paper material.

On the question of what such fills, despite their wide distribution, few people can answer. Many people practice this art in their spare time, without even knowing about its interesting name and origin.

Especially popular cutting out vyntyanka acquired in modern times. Today, for the implementation of ideas, you can choose absolutely any paper material, the varieties of which can not be counted on the fingers.

Very many of what is a vytynanka (photo below), learn only after visiting the exhibitions of applied art.

By this beauty can not pass.

The historical past of the outset

What is fucking and where are they from? The first samples of this art were made in China during the appearance of paper as such and the first primitive scissors. Since the paper was an expensive and rare material, animal skins, dried leaves of plants, wood, dishes were used as the basis for carving in Ukraine. Paper vytynanki spread to Ukraine only in the middle of the nineteenth century. Their main purpose was to decorate village houses.

The vynyants of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are distinguished by their high artistic skill. In each isolated region and in different strata of the population, the most beautiful works acquired individual features of the presentation of material, form, technical dexterity, a sense of rhythm, proportions, silhouettes, richness of ornament.

Destiny of modern design

Knowing what is fucking, very many masters find them the most unusual purpose. They decorate handicrafts, greeting cards, photo albums and photo frames, shelves in the kitchen, large fronts are used as paper decorative curtains for windows, paper tablecloths for tables, they make the most beautiful paintings and wall panels, they are used as a stencil for inscriptions or for applying to another A surface of ornaments and patterns, with the help of stilts paint the facades of modern houses.

Tools and material for the execution of the fade out

For skillful work on the manufacture of original beautiful openwork patterns, professional masters of the vytynanki use the tools of their ancestors - incisors. Modern craftsmen of applied crafts prefer industrial special sets, which include a dense carpet, often wooden, several types of sharp scalpels, office knives with different sizes of blades, scissors, spare blades, a metal ruler.

As a basis for the issue, paper of different density and dimension is taken. Everything depends on the master's fantasy. You can cut out on xerox, white, colored paper, cardboard, corrugated sheets, wallpaper. It is possible to carry out not only pies on paper, but also use wooden bases, clay, stone, metal or fabric for this purpose.

Variants of the design of works performed by the technology of drawing

Depending on the technology of execution and the artistic style, the vytynanki are classified into the following types: openwork - such types of products are made from a sheet of paper, the image is contained in slits; Silhouette, in which the image is the silhouette of a tree, a man, and the like.

Depending on the complexity of the work on the manufacture of cutouts are divided into simple single, performed on a single sheet of paper, and complex application color - on several sheets of multi-colored material.

Depending on the technique and method of presentation, complex outlets are divided into cohesive ones (large-scale, integral images of which are made of several elements folded in succession, make up a harmonious ornament) and overheads that are stacked on each other by a slide.

The shape of the ottynanka can be varied - oval, square, round, triangular or rectangular, often there are works in which there is a uniform uniform variety that creates a complex structure of the product.

Depending on the subjects cut out on paper, the following groups of stilts are distinguished: figurines - silhouettes of birds, riders, dolls, natural contour elements are depicted on the canvas; Rosettes - openwork type of execution, composed of stars, rhombs, suns, squares; Trees - represent parts of trees - branches, trunks, crowns with the presence of additional elements - berries, fruits, birds; Ribbons - an image of various one-sided or two-sided ornaments; Wallpaper - free filling of the canvas with beautiful patterns; Firanki - complex ribbon outposts; Tsatsanka - works with a pronounced decorative and thematic character; Exhibition copies - made specially for participation in exhibitions of polygraphic production.

Tips for Choosing a Pattern Template

Realizing that such a fray, many people predisposed to fantasy try to learn as much as possible about the technique of performing work and product templates. There are a lot of such. An attractive outline (the schemes of the examples are shown in the photo below) are performed on the basis of a variety of pictures printed on paper by any kind of writing object (marker, marker, pen, pencil). The complexity of the drawing depends on the skill of the manufacturer of the work.

Vytynanka, whose schemes are invented by the master himself, turns out to be original and not repeatable in any detail of the plot, such works often fall on the exhibition. The more imagination to show when composing a template, the more refined the result is.

Very many hand-craftsmen, of course, use standard examples of carving on paper in the technique of "vytynanka", the schemes of which draw from various sources. An excellent variant of the template for the outset is an embroidery pattern for embroidery on the surface.

A variety of templates paper falsework (schemes - as they are called professionals) can be taken from beautifully illustrated books. Cut on paper you can all sorts of details - and large, and small, special sharpened scalpel copes with any piece of various kinds of basic material.

Professional masters often take on difficult story compositions, but for beginners in this case it is worthwhile to begin teaching art of finesse with simple simple ornaments and landscape images.

How to make a stencil outfit?

Paper outlets are schemes for creating a drawing on other bases (wood, metal, stone). Not always a flat surface is taken as a basis, ornaments are cut out on cylindrical shapes, spherical and oval spheres. Stamping out stencils in this business help to smoothly and beautifully apply a pattern to perform symmetrical work.

The stencil is made by the method of cutting out the necessary figured holes on paper.

How can I apply a stencil?

Any pattern (scheme) of the outline can be used as a stencil. What can you do with so-called stereotyped templates?

Yes, anything: put a picture on paper, fabric, walls with paints, getting as a result beautiful art paintings, on the dishes - plates, jugs, cups, glasses, vases, plafonds of lighting fixtures - chandeliers, sconces; Decorate fences with ornaments, using one standard pattern of some pattern; Apply in the carving of paintings on wood and drawing them on metal.

Window shutters for windows

A very interesting and most extraordinary version of the outset is the carving on newsprint. This practical method has pushed so many craftsmen to this kind of thread on paper, like doing paper curtains that can be used instead of blinds.

The canvas of the newspaper is large, it can be folded in several layers and create examples of original ornaments and plots that can later be repeated on clean beautiful paper.

Vytynanki on the windows look very original and fun.

Tips for Beginners

While admiring the beautiful works executed in the style of the vytynanki, there is a desire to do something similar with your own hands. Where do begin a beginner?

First, you need to purchase a special set of tools, because it is unlikely that you will be able to do a beautiful job with ordinary scissors, which are cut in the house all and in a row. The paper should be cut clearly along the line. Very many small parts require the use of scalpels for carving on paper.

Secondly, to pick up a very simple template for the future product, determine which parts of it will be cut out, mark them with a pencil so that you do not accidentally cut out the detail of the main drawing of the outset.

Thirdly, it is necessary to choose the basis on which the ready-made solution will be pasted. This can be cardboard or velvet paper, or a cloth woven base.

Fourth, assess their perseverance, because the work requires attention and concentration.

Fifth, to start working, you should choose a standard white xerographic paper that is easier to cut than corrugated paper or cardboard.