What are information processes? Information processes: presentation, lesson

Information processes are procedures that relate to the search, storage, translation, processing and, of course, the use of various information. At the same time, they are all divided into several types, each of which has its own peculiarities and subtleties.

Search

These are information processes aimed at extracting stored data. There are several options for how a search can be performed:

• Direct inspection;
• Communication with various specialists regarding the issue of your interest;
• The study of relevant documentation and literature;
• Watching TV and video;
• Listening to audio recordings and programs;
• Direct work in archival and library institutions;
• Request to specialized information systems, as well as to banks and databases of computer data;
• Other methods.

To understand what kind of information should be found in one or another life situation, and also to carry out directly the information search processes themselves - these are exactly the skills that become the most important in our days.

Collection and storage

It should be noted right away that the gathering of information by itself can not be an end in itself. In order for information processes to make sense, and the data obtained could be used in one way or another, it is necessary to ensure their storage, that is, to use the method of data dissemination in space and time. In this case, the method will directly depend on the media used. The computer is used to provide a compact storage of the necessary data and at the same time give the user the opportunity to obtain quick access to the files of interest to him.

The information system itself is a universal data repository that has procedures for entering, searching, locating, and subsequently providing various data. In other words, such a system can implement almost any information processes. The existence of such procedures is the main feature of modern information systems, which fundamentally differentiates them from the standard data collection that does not perform any information processes.

For example, any personal library, in which only its owner can orient, has nothing to do with what information processes in the system are. At the same time, in various public repositories, the order of storing books is strictly defined. It is through this that the search procedure and the subsequent issuance of books or the posting of those that have recently entered the library are formalized procedures. That is why, when visiting libraries, a person quickly understands what information processes are and how they are performed.

Broadcast

Data transmission is the transmission of information from the source to the receiver. At the same time, considering what information processes such as transmission, it should be noted immediately that the source and the receiver are necessarily involved, the first is engaged in the direct transmission of data, while the second receives it. Between them, a certain information channel is used, which in professional circles is usually called simply a communication channel.

Remembering the lessons on which the information processes (class 10) were explained, we note that in addition to the receiver and the receiver, the communication includes several devices:

• Technical elements that transmit a signal to a recipient from a particular source;
• A coding device that converts the original message into a unique view, which is the most convenient for transmission;
• The decoding component performs the transformation of the originally encoded device into the original one.

What are information processes? Our life is directly connected with the translation of data. During the transfer process, information may be distorted or even lost. A vivid example of this is all kinds of atmospheric interference in the radio, changes in the sound in the handset, a darkened image on the TV, and many other situations. Such moments, or, as they are called by professional specialists, noises, somewhat distort data, but thanks to constant developments in the field of cryptology, such phenomena are becoming less and less noticeable.

What are the transmission channels?

By themselves, data transmission channels are divided into simplex and duplex, depending on how the broadcast is performed. Considering what informational processes are in computer science, one often has to deal with duplex processes, when data is broadcast in both directions, while simplexes provide only one-way transmission and are associated with television. A single channel can simultaneously broadcast several messages, with each of them separated from the others by means of specialized filters. For example, you can set a filter based on the frequency of the messages being broadcast, which can often be found in radio channels.

What are the characteristics of the channels?

The data link has two main characteristics, such as throughput and noise immunity.

The first is determined by how many characters can be transmitted in the absence of interference. This characteristic directly depends on the physical properties of the channel.

In order to provide higher noise immunity, specialized transmission technologies are used, which reduce the effect of noise. For example, here you can include superfluous characters, which in themselves do not have any actual content, but can be used to provide optimal control over the correctness of the message after it is received by the addressee.

In particular, the problem of noise immunity is relevant in the event that it is considered what information processes in technology.

Treatment

Data processing is a conversion from one type to another, and this procedure is carried out in accordance with strict formal rules.

The processing itself should be performed in a similar way to the black box principle - a process in which the user only needs certain input and output information, but the rules for processing are not at all interested in and may not even be taken into account.

The black box is a unique system that completely hides what information processes are. In computer science, such devices are often called registrars. When processing data to an external observer, only information on the input and output of the given system is provided, while the structure and internal processes remain invisible.

Using

The received information is used in the process of making certain decisions. In this case, the reliability, completeness and, most importantly, the objectivity of the information obtained allow you to make the right decisions, as well as understand what information processes should be carried out. 8th grade in different educational institutions provides for the study of this topic in more detail. Your ability to be clear, and also accessible to others, to present information is useful in communication with other people, as a result of which it can be said without exaggeration that the ability to communicate, that is, to exchange information and correctly use it for one's own purposes is one of the most important skills of a person today.

What should a modern person know and be able to do?

Computer literacy in our time includes:

• A knowledge of what purpose any basic device has in a modern computer;
• Understanding of the main types of software used in computers, as well as types of user interfaces;
• The ability to search, store, and also process graphic and numerical information using specialized software.

If you know all this, you understand what information processes are in nature and in a computer, and also you can use them competently - you have all the makings to become a successful person. And this is for today the most important thing.