Tomsk Gubernia: History of Education and Development

The first inhabitants on the territory of the Tomsk region appeared a few thousand years ago. 2 paleolithic sites in the city of Tomsk and the village of Mogichin are known to scientists for a long time. The territory was finally mastered in 3000 BC. E. At the end of the Neolithic.

Tomsk province: from ancient history to the 20th century

In ancient times the following cultures were formed on this territory:

• Shelomok (VII-III centuries BC);
• Kulai (fifth century BC);
• Peoples: Selkup, Khanty and Siberian Tatars.

In the 10th century the territory of the region was occupied by nomadic tribes.

At the time of the Tatar-Mongol invasion, the territory was completely incorporated into the Mongolian Empire. And in the 14th century they formed an independent Siberian Khanate.

At the end of the 16th century, the first fortress of Narym was built on the territory of the Tomsk region.

At the behest of Boris Godunov here in 1604 the Cossacks laid the city of Tomsk, which is still proud of Tomsk province. It was here that according to legend, Alexander I died, hiding under the name of Feodor Kuzmich.

In 1629, Tomsk became the main city of the region, to which the following cities were attributed:

• Narym;
• Ketsk;
• Yeniseisk;
• Krasnoyarsk;
• Kuznetsk.

After the construction of the Siberian tract, the city became important for trade and gradually expanded due to this.

In 1804, Tomsk Province was headed by a new center - the city of Tomsk by the decree of Alexander I.

The region included:

• Altai region;
• The Novosibirsk Region;
• The Kemerovo Region;
• East-Kazakhstan region;
• Tomsk Region;
• Part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

The stone building of the city begins. By the end of the 19th century, there were 50 houses, 8 churches and the Trinity Cathedral.

The emblem of Tomsk becomes the emblem, where on a green background a horse with a crown in oak leaves is depicted.

At the end of the 19th century, the Tomsk province was connected to other regions by the Siberian Railway.

The history of Tomsk province in the Great Patriotic War

During the war in Tomsk, about 30 plants were evacuated, which greatly developed the city in industrial terms.

The following industries were involved:

• Electrotechnical;
• Optico-mechanical;
• Rubber technical;
• Machine-building;
• Metalworking;
• Light;
• Food.

It was the Tomsk province in 1941 that provided the field military medical base of the Western Front and trained the command staff on the basis of 2 artillery schools.

Tomsk region: our days

After the war, Tomsk became one of the centers of nuclear research.

In 1958, the first nuclear power plant began operating on the territory of the region.

In this territory, oil and gas fields are being developed.

Tomsk is a recognized scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.