The war in Korea

After the Second World War, the northern territory of Korea (north of the 38th parallel) was occupied by the Soviet Union. The southern territory (south of the 38th parallel) is occupied by the USA. Peacefully agree on the unification of Korea in one country with the USSR and the United States did not work. This, in turn, provoked in 1948 the formation of two governmental organizations.

With the support of the United Nations, the United States in the south held elections, as a result of which the interim government was replaced by an anti-communist one. The head was Lee Seung Man.

In the Northern Territory, the Soviet Union transferred power to the communist government, headed by Kim Il Sung.

The war in Korea (1950-1953) was a conflict between the Southern and Northern territories. However, very often these military actions are considered as an indirect confrontation between the allied forces of the USSR and the PRC and the United States and its allies.

The war in Korea began with the offensive of the Northern Coalition in June-August 1950. June 5, North Korean troops (the army of the DPRK), under cover of artillery, invaded southern territory. About 90% of all South Korean land was occupied.

It should be noted that this attack was a surprise for both the US and other Western countries.

In New York on June 25, the United Nations Security Council is convened . The main issue on the agenda was the war in Korea.

The Western powers supported the United States by providing them with military assistance. Allied troops went to South Korea. However, despite the reinforcements, the South Korean army could not leave the encirclement (the Busan perimeter). The military forces managed only to stabilize the situation on the front line along the Naktong River.

It seemed that the DPRK troops could occupy the entire territory of the peninsula. However, soon the South Korean troops with the Allied forces managed to launch an offensive.

The Daejeon operation on the offensive (from July 3 to July 25, 1950), the Naktong operation (from July 26 to August 20) was of the greatest importance in the first months of the hostilities.

On September 15, a counteroffensive was launched, as a result of which the North Korean troops began to suffer defeat. The Allied troops remained little until the seizure of the northern territories.

The war in Korea after October 8 continued with the participation of China. Chairman of the Chinese side, Mao ordered the Chinese troops to prepare for the crossing of the Yalu River. The USSR rendered support from the air. At the same time, the air war in Korea took place on the condition that Soviet aircraft (MiG-15) should not approach the front line closer than 100 kilometers.

The obsolete American F-80 aircraft suffered losses from the new Soviet jet aircraft . Soon, more modern F-86s appeared in Korea.

The first air victory was won in 1950 on November 1. On September 12 next year, eighty Soviet planes intercepted one hundred and fifty American F-80s, which were engaged in assault flights between Pyongyang and Anzhu.

The question of the entry of the Chinese army into the conflict was resolved in mid-October 1950 and coordinated with Moscow.

North Korean troops, together with the Chinese army captured Seoul in 1951, January 4. In the same year on April 22, the DPRK troops launched a counteroffensive. The onset of the attack on May 16 was stopped on May 21. After that the UN troops undertook large-scale military operations along the entire front. The North Korean army was dropped in 38 parallel.

The war in Korea in June 1951 reached a critical level. Despite fairly large losses, each side had almost a million-strong army.

At the end of hostilities, the front line changed insignificantly. Long negotiations began. At the same time, fighting continued.

In 1952, on November 4, Eisenhower (American President) visited Korea. The purpose of his visit was to find out the circumstances under which it is possible to stop military operations. The turning point was the death of Stalin (1953, March 5). Shortly thereafter, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) voted for the end of the war.