Technology and the device of waterproofing of floors

Perhaps there is not a single person who does not hear the saying that a drop of water is sharpening a stone. This folk wisdom can be applied to the issue of the need for waterproofing the floor. If you subsequently plan to fill the screed, then such work simply needs to be done.

They will protect the structure from moisture, which is important not only for residents of high-rise buildings, but also for owners of their own homes, as the service life of flooring will depend on the proper use of materials. You can perform these works using one of the materials described in the article or even apply a whole set of solutions at all. This method is suitable for bathrooms, while for other rooms only one layer of roll material can be used.

The device of waterproofing floors is required to exclude the prospects of flooding neighbors. When there is a rush of pipes or the flow of water through the bath, the moisture without a waterproofing layer goes into the ceiling and appears on the ceiling in the neighbors. If you comply with the rules of waterproofing, the floor can be protected from moisture. Even if leaks do not occur, then such manipulations will exclude the spread of mold and fungus, because microorganisms are unsafe for human health and can negate the entire repair.

The device of waterproofing floors can be carried out with the help of synthetic and natural bitumen. For sale are offered a variety of compositions based on this material, chemically active constituents and polymer resins. If we consider the types of waterproofing materials, then we can distinguish:

• Lubricating;
• Rolled;
• Mastic;
• Powder;
• Film.

The device of a waterproofing of a floor oklechnymi materials

Oak waterproofing is a multilayer coating of:

• Glass fiber;
• Ruberoid;
• Glass refractory;
• Waterproofing;
• Hydrobutyl.

Waterproofing on this technology is quite laborious, because the surface will need to be well processed, leveled, rid the base of unevennesses that exceed 2 mm, and then cover with an emulsion based on bitumen and paste waterproofing. It is important at the same time to observe the technology to exclude mechanical damage to the coating.

Using capillary waterproofing

The device for waterproofing floors can be conducted by a capillary method, which involves the use of penetrating materials. In this case, the insulation consists of portland cement, quartz sand or silicate fillers with different chemically active elements. The application of the composition is carried out on a damp surface, and after the active components begin to react with the cement of the base. As a result, a crystalline complex is formed, which fills the cracks on the surface.

Strength over time increases by 20%. As a rather important feature, it is possible to note the development of reagents in the formation of cracks, this allows self-healing. Neoplasms of the crystalline type retard moisture without interfering with the movement of air.

Use of film materials

The device for waterproofing floors is often carried out with the help of film materials, which can have a thickness ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 mm. Such materials are produced from:

• Synthetic rubber;
• Cellulose acetate;
• Polypropylene.

To the ingredients are added different substances that are able to extend the life of materials, making them durable, elastic and durable. The additional layer is reinforced with synthetic fibers or fiberglass, which allows for a higher strength.

If in the apartment waterproofing of the floor will be carried out by such technology, a film of the appropriate size is covered over the entire perimeter of the room. The waterproofing layer should be continuous, it should be built on the walls. This allows you to form a kind of bowl, which will prevent moisture penetration.

Waterproofing with mastic

Mastic is an adhesive compound that connects different materials and covers surfaces, protecting them from damage. Previously, the most commonly used method was the application of bituminous mastic onto a slab in two layers. As an alternative solution, there was a waterproofing using a roofing felt, which looked like a construction paper with impregnation from bitumen. The joints were glued with molten bitumen.

Such a waterproofing layer excludes the penetration of water, but has drawbacks, expressed in the formation of cracks during operation. As a result, the coating lost its integrity, and the waterproofing became less effective. If the slab is coated with appropriate compounds, then you will get a layer that has a weak resistance to hydrostatic pressure and mechanical damage. This includes multi-component sealants and mastic.

Protective coating technology

The device of floor lubricating waterproofing is the most unpretentious and simple method. Leveling the floor is not necessary, but experts still recommend this, because mastic - the material is not cheap. Sprayers and burners are not required, as well as skills, as well as special equipment. The floor is pre-cleaned with a vacuum cleaner, covered with a primer, and the corners and joints should be glued with a sealing tape.

After you can start kneading mastic, it should get a consistency of thick sour cream. The powder should be added to the water, and not vice versa. The solution is mixed again, only then you can start applying it. If you are thinking about the question of how to make a floor waterproofing, then the next step with the help of a construction brush, an oilproofing coating is applied to the floor surface. On the walls you need to have a layer of 35 cm in height. The material should be well rubbed into the surface, not strongly smearing.

As soon as the first layer starts to set, it should be moistened, and then the second layer can be applied. Movements should be directed perpendicularly. The number of layers can be equal to 5, but fanaticism is not worth it, it will be enough 2 or 3 layers. It all depends on the evenness of the floor.

Use of polymer materials

Lining floor waterproofing can include the use of polymer materials, which are highly elastic and reliable. Their application is carried out by a thin layer, which varies from 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

Dry layers very quickly, and as their additional advantage is the lack of the need for preparatory work. Due to the fact that the material is elastic, it can be used together with a warm floor. After about 16 hours, a ceramic tile can be laid on the polymer mastic coating, however, a high-quality tile adhesive should be used for this.

Features of the mixture

Polymer bituminous mastics are ready for use. With regard to dry compositions on a cement basis, they should be combined with clean water. The optimum temperature of the liquid varies between 15 and 20 ° C. The mixture obtained after mixing should be homogeneous, without lumps and clots.

It takes about 5 minutes to ripen the solution, it is recommended to mix it again before use. The life of the composition is limited to 1.5 hours, so the mastic must be prepared in small quantities, and it should be used without delay.

Methods of waterproofing the floor in the bathroom

The device of waterproofing of a floor in a bathroom can be carried out by several methods, one of them is oklechny. It requires the use of roll materials. The most common are:

• Bituminous glass-steel;
• Only;
• Ruberoid.

These materials are laid using a burner or self-adhesive layer. The technology is quite simple, it does not require special skills or skills. For such work, the surface must be well leveled, and the finish can be carried out immediately after the installation of the waterproofing.

Waterproofing of the floor under the tile in the bathroom can be carried out according to the technology, which is one of the most effective and reliable. The process involves filling the surface with a continuous layer of waterproof mortar. For this purpose concrete floors in city apartments perfectly approach. Cast waterproofing can be cold or hot. The most accessible way is painting waterproofing. In this case, the bitumen varnish is applied to the floor surface in several layers. This option is one of the economical. However, it can not be called the most durable and durable.

Quite often, home masters use backfill waterproofing. The floor is filled with waterproof loose material. Waterproofing of the floor under the tile in the bathroom can be done using the plastering technique. The coating is multilayered, and at the final stage the surface is poured with several layers of a solution with polymer additives. The method is fairly simple and accessible, so it is common.

Technology of stacking of roll waterproofing

Rolled waterproofing for the floor is one of the most common. Before the start of work, the surface is leveled, and to monitor the result, use the building level and rule. The floor is considered even if the distance from the rail to the base does not exceed 5 mm. If irregularities are detected, they must be eliminated, and the seams between the wall and the floor should be rounded to 45 °. To do this, use sand-cement mortar, which is prepared in a ratio of 1 to 3.

Using a metal brush or compressed air, the surface is cleaned of dirt and dust, and then the substrate can be covered with bituminous hot or cold mastic. The technology of waterproofing the floor in the next stage provides for the need to cut the material along the length and width of the room. In those places where the canvas will be joined, it is necessary to use bitumen mastic, which promazyvaetsya lower edge of the canvas.

The application of the composition must also be carried out on the base. Cloths when laying should form an overlap of 1 cm or more. If you notice that the material is swollen during installation, the bubbles need to be cut and let out air, pasting the place with mastic. Using a spatula, the surface is well smoothed to expel all the air.

Waterproofing of the floor in the basement

The device for waterproofing the floor in the basement is necessary for the reason that the operating conditions of this room are characterized by a high level of humidity. If we neglect such manipulations, then the base material can collapse quite quickly. The protection of the floor in this case should be carried out depending on how closely the groundwater is located. This recommendation should be taken into account, because the floor waterproofing must be associated with the protection of the ceiling and walls.

If the threshold of water is low enough, then it is necessary to use a waterproofing by applying a roofing material. The easiest way is to cover the surface of the floor with mastic in several layers. This technology is also suitable for the basement. The drier the space should be, the thicker the layer of insulation should be made. Ruberoid can be rolled on a clean surface, which is pre-primed and smeared with mastic.

On top again it is necessary to put a layer of mastic and to roll out ruberoid. These manipulations can be repeated three times. Specialists recommend the use in the basement of waterproofing. For this purpose, a small pit is prepared in the floor, at the bottom of which a sand pillow is arranged. The entire surface is poured over with concrete. The insulation should have a thickness of 50 cm or more, this value includes the thickness of the sand cushion.

Recommendations for material selection

Quite often, novice home masters are wondering about the need for waterproofing the floor in the house or apartment. Unequivocally it is necessary to assert - it is necessary, that especially concerns premises with high humidity and possibility of leaks. The next logical question that arises is which materials to choose. As a relatively new solution is a liquid glass, which is an impregnating waterproofing. You can buy it in almost all construction stores.

The composition has a light yellow or light gray color, is well absorbed into the surface and crystallizes inside. The application of the mixture should be carried out in several layers, allowing each of them to dry out. Waterproofing of the floor in the apartment can be carried out with the help of roll material "Technonikol". It is rolled onto a prepared surface and glued with polymer mastic. This solution was excellent in the waterproofing of basements. If you compare this material with polyethylene, then the first is more expensive, but easier to install and is more durable.

Cloths should be wound on walls, and after completion of pouring the screed and drying it, that part of the material that remains visible should be cut off. If you want all work to be carried out according to the rules, it is important to ensure that specialists use ENR. The device of floor waterproofing in this case will provide for the need to comply with the norms prescribed in state standards, sanitary norms and rules. As for prices, they will be calculated at the tariff rates that are set for workers in this area. Tariff rates will not be increased, which, for example, may be due to harmful working conditions.

Conclusion

Any structure has moisture, while the floors act as a battery of this moisture. Water accumulates in the lower part of the premises and contributes to the deterioration of the performance characteristics of the materials. Because of this, an unfavorable atmosphere is created for people to live. Therefore, a rather important stage in the arrangement of housing is waterproofing the floor.