Strait of Nevelskoy: description

The subject of our review will be the Nevelsky Strait. In Russia, many people know about it. Let's clarify some details. For example, his story, in honor of whom the Nevelsky Strait is named, what its depth, etc.,

Description

The Nevelsky Strait is a reservoir connecting the continental Eurasia and Sakhalin Island. It also connects the Tatar Strait with the Amur Estuary and borders with the Sea of Japan.

During the reign of Stalin over it was planned to build a bridge. But the project was never implemented. Another project is the construction of a dam that will be used as a bridge between Eurasia and Sakhalin. However, there is much debate. Some scientists suggest that because of the construction of an artificial object, the water of the strait becomes warmer, while others suggest an opposite point of view, arguing that the dam will help reduce the temperature. According to the third opinion, the dam will not affect the water temperature in any way, cold and warm current can come from nearby water bodies.

Strait of Nevelskoy: depth, length and width

The strait is a pond with a sharply varying width, its depth in the fairway is 7.2 m. The total length is 56 km, and the minimum width is 7.3 km, this place is located between the Lazarev cape on the Eurasian mainland and the Pogibi cape.

The strait begins at the western part of the island, the width in this area is 80 km, with a depth of about 100 m. The reservoir is divided into two parts, one contains 9 bays, the other - 16. In this case, deepwater areas are observed throughout the strait, With a depth of 700 m, and shallow, where you can move on small boats.

In honor of whom the strait is named

So in honor of whom was named Nevelsky Strait? He was named in honor of the Russian admiral, researcher of the Far East Gennady Ivanovich Nevelskoy in 1849. The discovery of the reservoir occurred during the Amur expedition, which lasted from 1849 to 1855.

Nevelsky began naval service in 1834, commanded the transport of Baikal. At this time he passed with a cargo from Kronstadt around Cape Horn to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, explored the northern part of Sakhalin.

In the summer of 1849 the Admiral descended to the mouth of the Amur River and discovered the strait that connected the mainland and Sakhalin Island. In addition, Nevelsky managed to descend to the lower reaches of the Amur River, discovered unknown territories, proved that Sakhalin is an island, not a peninsula. The study of the territory and waters was extremely difficult. Because of the high and high waves, we had to move on special boats that tipped from a strong wind. This did not please the Emperor Nicholas I. But after the submitted reports on the expedition, Nevelsky was again sent to the Far East for a detailed study of the territory and waters.

Hydrology of the Nevelskoy Strait

Through the strait there is a water exchange of the Sea of Japan with adjacent water bodies during the change of climatic conditions. In winter, under the influence of northwestern monsoon winds, surface waters come into contact with cold atmospheric air, as a result they give off heat, are cooled, covered with ice. Ice cover is observed from late January to March.

The coastline in the south of the strait is sublime, and in the north - gently sloping. Therefore, a slight drop in the water temperature is possible. In addition, the state of the strait is heavily influenced by winds. The average water temperature is 11 ^o C. In the deepest places it can reach up to 4-10 degrees, in shallow water up to 13-15 degrees. At a depth below 500 m, the temperature rests on the same index, it is 0.5-0.7 degrees.

Depending on the depth of the reservoir, two layers can be distinguished:

• Near-surface, which varies depending on the season.
• Deep, does not change during the change of climatic conditions.

The near-surface layer is located at a depth of up to 500 m, mainly such a region is located in the southern part of the strait. In connection with the activity in different seasons, vortices are formed, which promote the current from the Sea of Japan through the strait to other water bodies.

In the deep layer, practically no changes or movements of water occur, so the temperature regime remains at a certain parameter. The formation of vortices is extremely rare, most often due to seismic activity.

Tides

In the Strait of Nevelskoye and the southern territory of the Amur estuary adjoining it, tides are observed. They are wrong and semidiurnal.

During the equinox, the tides become almost regular semidiurnal, however, with the increase in the declination of the moon, inequalities still appear, they reach daily tides of up to 60 cm. Tropical is observed most often.

At a small depth, tides are also possible. Their maximum size is 2.1 m. On the Amur Estuary the maximum size of the tide is 2.5 m.

Geophysical research

Nevelskoy Strait is located on the territory of land-water, therefore it is necessary to use specialized equipment. Simple research from the ship will not work. Due to the landscape relief electromagnetic devices will show the wrong result. To measure geophysical parameters, a special technique was used, consisting of several rectangles of an alternating electromagnetic field and a meter.

In the course of investigations it was established that at an depth of more than 50 m the effect of the electromagnetic field is enhanced. This also affects the shape of the relief. Over time, hard rocks are destroyed, and also sharpen, form small rocky objects. When laying pipes during construction it is necessary to use strong materials capable of withstanding strong pressure.

In addition, studies have shown that the relief is mainly represented by slightly salty loam. The smaller percentage at the surface of the water is clay. Strongly salty clays are located to the west of the strait.

Seismic research

Seismic research was complicated by the presence of a cold front in the winter. Therefore, in addition, it was necessary to pierce the areas covered with ice. Magnetometers were used, all the results were transmitted to a digital display.

During the research it was established that the most active seismic zone is located in deep layers. Closer to the water surface activity is less pronounced. In addition, the strength of the magnetic field varies in parameters during the transition from one relief material to another. Thus, in highly saline loam the seismic activity is lower than in slightly salty ones.

In the zone of ground uncertainty, seismic activity is 0. Moreover, studies have shown that in poorly salty loams, a more disrupted foundation is observed than in the other types.

The Significance of the Strait of Nevelskoy

Strait of Nevelskoy is the main sea route from the mainland to the island. Every day a large number of cargo ships transport construction materials and other important goods. The pond is the most important way for the economic development of the island.

In addition, active catch of such fish as herring, halibut, navaga and flounder is active in the strait. In the area of the reservoir there are a total of 25 bays where trading and cargo ships can stop.

On the rocky banks near the strait you can observe a large number of nesting birds. It is an ideal place for their existence.