Solitary cysts of the kidney: symptoms, treatment and prevention

Cysts are benign formations that contain a liquid inside. They can be found in most human organs. In appearance, a safe education can sometimes become dangerous, reborn into cancer.

For this reason, doctors keep such patients under strict control. Cysts respond to treatment, and if this does not happen, they are removed surgically. 10% of the total population have solidarity cysts in medical practice. Let us consider the features of such formations.

Characteristics of the disease

In modern medicine, a cyst is called any cavity that has walls from relatively healthy cells. Its dimensions may vary. For benign renal formations it is characteristic to have a different size - from a few millimeters to several centimeters. The site of localization is the upper or lower part of the renal segment.

The term "solitary" refers to single cysts. Solitary cysts of the kidneys are also called simple. Their shape is round, sometimes elongated (resembling an oval). Such formations have no joints or constrictions. Inside is a serous fluid.

The disease affects men more often. Basically, there is a solitary cyst of the left kidney, less often the right one. It is easily diagnosed with the help of ultrasound.

Classification

Simple kidney cysts are divided into:

• Congenital;
• Acquired.

Depending on the location of the kidney cyst, the solitary one can be:

• Cortical (located in the cortical layer);
• Subcapsular (located under the capsule of the body);
• Intraparenchymal (located in the thickness of the organ tissue);
• Sinus (located close to the pelvis, but not connected to it);
• Multilocular (has many chambers, but this kind of cyst is rare enough).

Principle of development

Acquired and congenital cysts have the same mechanism of development: at the core lies the obstruction of the tubule, which leads to its stretching. If we talk about congenital pathology, then there may be a disruption of the connection between the tubules that form during the fetal development. Acquired cyst develops due to a violation of the outflow of urine along the tubule. This disorder is provoked by various diseases that a person can tolerate throughout life.

Causes

Medical science, although it does not stand still, is not yet exactly ready to answer the question: "Why are solitary cysts of the kidneys formed?" There are only assumptions from which they are repelled.

One of the reasons is a congenital anomaly. Even in the period of intrauterine development there are some violations in the formation of ureters and kidneys, which provoke the formation of a simple cyst.

If we talk about the acquired cyst, the main reasons for its appearance are:

• Any injuries of the kidneys;
• Violation of the outflow of urine due to urolithiasis (concrements do not give urine a normal exit);
• Infectious diseases of the kidneys (some of them are secretive, not causing any suspicious symptoms).

Stagnation of urine for any reason leads to stretching the walls of the kidney, resulting in the formation of cysts. They can develop quickly, but the person does not feel anything at all.

Symptoms

Often the solitary cyst of the kidney develops asymptomatically for many years. It is discovered by chance, when a person is doing ultrasound of internal organs. If signs already appear, then in such cases, inflammation of the kidneys and at the same time formed cyst. Symptoms depend on the size of the cyst, as well as the concomitant diseases.

Main features:

1. When the cystic formation increases, it causes the person aching and pulling back pain (from the side where there is a cyst in the kidney), which have the property to increase after physical exertion. The same symptoms occur with any infectious kidney disease.
2. When the cyst reaches a large size, it leads to stagnation of urine. As a result, the inflammatory process increases, which is accompanied by an increase in body temperature. A person feels severe pain in the lower back, in the lower abdomen, he is shivering. The released urine changes its consistency, becomes cloudy.
3. The solitary cyst of the kidney is usually not accompanied by suppuration, but there are cases when the infection that accompanies provokes the formation of pus. As a result, the person becomes ill, the pains are localized not only in the lower back, but also spread to the abdomen. Painful sensations are very strong.
4. If the amount of urine released decreases significantly, or the urination stops altogether, then this is the signal for immediate contact with the doctor. Also, one of the dangerous symptoms is the appearance of blood impurities in urine.
5. From the side where there is a cyst, a swelling can be felt. But not always this is a 100% guarantee of having a kidney cyst, sometimes such a symptom speaks of a true kidney tumor.

The cyst of the right kidney causes the same symptoms as the left kidney cyst.

Important!

The renal cysts and hypertension are interrelated. BP renal genesis is one of the symptoms of the presence of neoplasm in the kidneys.

Examination

This disease is a urologist. Initially, the doctor must learn from the patient all the symptoms that disturb him when they arise. The doctor studies the history of all the diseases that a person suffered during life. To make an accurate diagnosis, the patient is assigned a checkup.

Basic diagnostic methods:

• general blood analysis;
• Urine examination for various indicators;

• Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder;
• X-ray;
• CT and MRI;
• Percutaneous puncture cystography.

Treatment

Comprehensive examination helps to make a complete picture, as well as to choose the appropriate option of drug therapy. Sometimes the patient refuses treatment, because education in the kidney does not bring him any discomfort, does not interfere with a full life. But the doctor must explain to the person about the risk of complications, which are very dangerous. If treatment of a solitary cyst of the kidney is not started on time, then it threatens with its rupture or suppuration. Therefore, it is so important to adhere to all the recommendations and appointments of a doctor.

Medication Therapy

If the patient is diagnosed with a solitary cyst of the left kidney, treatment for her, as well as cysts of the right kidney, should be started immediately. First of all, the patient is prescribed drugs that reduce blood pressure, and also relieve inflammation. From the reception of such funds a person feels relief, because blood circulation in the kidneys improves, and also the process of urine outflow is established.

When attaching a bacterial infection, antibiotics must be prescribed. Such appointments are possible if the cyst size does not exceed 5 mm. The patient is under constant surveillance. Also, drugs are selected individually for each individual, taking into account the general state of health and accompanying pathologies.

Surgical intervention

The operation is indicated in cases where the cyst begins to increase or has already reached a large size, significantly worsening the health, the work of the urinary system. Surgical intervention is performed depending on the situation, the location of the cyst (with a deep location of the formation of the kidney will be removed completely).

The main indications for the operation:

• Severe pain in the patient, which give in the stomach and significantly impair the quality of life;
• A large cyst size (over 4-5 cm), even if the organ is working at the same time;
• The full functioning of the kidney is disturbed;
• Urine became turbid;
• In urine there are impurities of blood;
• Rare urination;
• The cyst increases in size, which threatens to transform it into cancer;
• The cause of cysts were parasites.

Methods used to remove cysts:

1. Puncture. The fluid that is in the cyst is pumped out, and a special drug is injected into its place. It affects the tissues in such a way that the cyst decreases in size and at the same time sticks together.
2. Laparoscopy. This is one of the new and most effective methods. In the abdominal cavity small incisions are made, through them special devices are introduced, with the help of which the removal of the formation is carried out.
3. Standard operation. It is used in cases where the size of the cyst reaches a large size or if suppuration occurs.

ethnoscience

Solitary cysts of the kidneys are not treated solely by the methods of traditional medicine. They go as a supplement to drug therapy. It is important that a person does not engage in self-medication, and consulted with a doctor about the possibility of applying a particular method. After all, sometimes at a glance, harmless herbs sometimes cause irreparable harm to health (the cyst can burst).

Popular traditional medicine that positively affects the functioning of the kidneys:

• Decoction of parsley;
• Fresh juice from burdock leaves;

• Decoction from the rhizome of burdock;
• Decoction from the root of the dog rose.

Now in general terms it is clear what the solitary cyst of the kidney is. The reasons and treatment of such pathology should be known to everyone, because of such a benign education is not insured by anyone. And to prevent the development of complications, rupture of the cyst, it is necessary to determine it in time. To do this, at least once a year to do ultrasound of the kidneys, as well as contact the doctor with the first suspicious symptoms.