Orthognathic surgery before and after: reviews

Methods of modern dentistry can change the bite of a person, align the dentition. But this usually does not lead to a significant improvement in appearance. And if a person has any pathologies in the jaw structure, orthognathic surgery can help him. This section of orthodontology, which deals not only with the correction of the bite itself, but restores symmetry and the correct proportions of the face. For example, changes in the shape of the chin or lengthening of the jaw can not be achieved with braces and other orthodontic designs. It is orthognathic surgery that makes the appearance more attractive. It corrects serious deformities of the face in the jaw area.

History of orthognathic surgery

This section of dentistry combines plastic medicine and maxillofacial surgery. His goal is to achieve harmonious facial features. The name of this section is derived from Latin words that translate as "straight jaw". Initially, such operations were performed only to correct the occlusion, while the shape of the face changed insignificantly. The peculiarity of them was that they affected only the lower jaw, and the incisions were made from the outside, as a result of which scars remained on the skin of the face.

But in 1965 a method for moving the upper jaw was developed . After that, orthognathic surgery became an effective way to change the shape of the face. The methods of conducting operations were constantly improved, and soon they began to be done with the help of internal cuts. This allowed to make the appearance of the patient more attractive. In recent years, the correction technique has become even more modern, now there are no scars and scars left after it.

Where orthognathic surgery is best developed

Surgeons from Latvia, St. Petersburg and Moscow are considered the best in this profile. Similar operations can be done at the Riga Institute of Dentistry. In St. Petersburg, several medical centers that perform such a correction. The most famous specialist of maxillofacial surgery is Dr. AR Andreeyshev.

Particularly famous for orthognathic surgery in Moscow. Specialists of the scientific and clinical center of otorhinolaryngology perform such operations using the most modern methods, using their own development. These are the candidates of medical sciences, the best doctors of such profile in Russia, AN Senyuk, IN Lyashev, MA Mokhirev and DN Nazaryan.

Types of operations

All of them solve one task - correcting defects in the jaw and improving the appearance of the face. But depending on the individual characteristics and severity of the pathology, different operations are used for this:

• Osteotomy of the upper jaw - moving it and fixing it with titanium plates;
• Osteotomy of the lower jaw - setting it in the correct position;
• In some cases, the jaw is divided into several parts to increase it;
• Displacement of malar bones ;
• Genioplasty - cutting off excess chin and correcting the midline of the face;
• Sometimes it is required to additionally make rhinoplasty, liposuction or lipoflation.

Indication for the operation

Usually small deformations of the jaw, incorrect bite or uneven dentition are corrected using braces, crowns or veneers. But not in all cases, you can achieve this way of success. Often braces do not help or, conversely, worsen a patient's condition. If such orthodontic treatment is performed with serious deformations of the jaw, this can lead to pathologies of the mandibular joint or even to dislocation of the teeth.

There are certain indications for orthognathic surgery, which allow such intervention only when necessary. Usually these are the situations:

• Abnormal jaw size;
• Asymmetry of jaws;
• Prognathic bite, in which the patient has a very small chin;
• Strongly protruding lower jaw;
• Gingival or asymmetrical smile.

Contraindications

Orthognathic surgery is not shown to everyone. Some people wish to conduct such an operation without serious deformities. If the bite is correct, but just does not like the appearance of a person, doctors do not undertake to treat it. In addition, there are certain contraindications to the conduct of such operations:

• Children and adolescence until the final formation of the jaws, that is, until about 18-21;
• Impaired blood clotting;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• Pathology of the bone system;
• Disruption of the endocrine glands;
• diabetes;
• Nerve diseases.

What kind of preparation is needed?

Before the operation, it is necessary to undergo a complete examination at the dentist. The physician determines the parameters necessary for the correct operation of the temporomandibular joint, for maximum full jaw closure. At the same time, the computer program Dolphin is used, which allows to build a 3D model of harmonious features for a specific person. This template is used later in the operation.

But before you start orthognathic treatment, you need to even slightly align the dentition. Used for this, braces or transparent kapy, which need to be worn for at least 2-3 months. Sometimes this period is prolonged by 1-1.5 years.

How is surgery performed?

Orthognathic surgery is a serious invasive treatment. Therefore, all operations are performed in a hospital. General anesthesia is mandatory. After all, the operation can last 5-6 hours. After it is necessary to monitor the doctor, so the patient remains in the hospital for several days. But even after discharge, it is recommended that he refrain from normal activities. Therefore, a sick-list is given for up to 3 weeks.

Can there be complications?

Usually such operations are carried by patients as easily as possible. There may be a complication after surgery - it's numbness of the lips, which soon passes by itself and has even a positive effect: the patient does not feel pain. In addition, sometimes there is swelling of soft tissues, sore throat, speech disorders, nasal congestion, slight nausea. To be sure of the success of the operation and in the absence of side effects, it is necessary to choose a good clinic and qualified doctors.

In addition, avoiding unpleasant consequences will also help compliance with several rules, because the operation is carried out under general anesthesia:

• Do not eat or drink at least 8 hours before surgery;
• Try not to smoke a day before;
• Do not perform surgery for the slightest malaise, fever or bowel disorder.

Results of the operation

Orthognathic surgery is capable of transforming a person's appearance. Improving the facial features helps him to look younger and more attractive. This is necessary because the standard of beauty are symmetrical forms of the face. In addition, a beautiful smile also attracts people. And a person with an irregular shape of the jaws often just hesitates to smile, closes and loses confidence.

On different photos you can see what results orthognathic surgery helps to achieve. Before and after surgery, the patient often looks very different. It is able to lengthen the jaw or make it shorter, change its position, change the shape and size of the chin. Due to this facial features become more correct and appearance changes. The positive effect of the operation is also explained by the fact that all incisions are made from the inside, therefore the integrity of the external tissues is not violated.

In addition to obtaining an aesthetic result, such an operation helps to get rid of functional disorders, for example, from vagueness of speech, difficulty in chewing functions. And most importantly, orthognathic surgery improves the patient's psychological state and increases his self-confidence.

Feedback on such a correction

In fact, very few people know what orthognathic surgery is. The reviews show that the correction of the occlusion is mainly done with the help of bracket systems. And only with serious deformations of the jaw people are solved for the operation. But those who used such services, note that their appearance has changed for the better. Many, suffering for many years from speech disorders and malocclusion, suffering from an inferiority complex, changed after the operation. Orthognathic surgery even helps to look younger for several years. And patients do not notice any side effects or complications after the operation.

Orthognathic surgery - this is what will help change the appearance for the better with serious problems in the structure of the jaws. Modern methods of conducting operations make such correction safe and effective.