Oil production in the world. The volume of oil production in the world (table)

Like other fossil fuels, oil is a lady of very respectable age. The very first deposits of ground oil, according to scientists, arose 600 million years ago. Then the oceans were much larger, and some modern islands were hidden under water, including the territory of the countries where oil is produced in our time.

Where did the oil come from?

In the oceans once raged the life of many plants and animals, the remnants of which hundreds of millions of years lowered to the bottom. Together with the layers of the earth, they created deposits, which became more and more. Under the influence of enormous pressure there was a constant process of metamorphosis of organic residues into droplets of oil. The pressure was so powerful that in some places, especially with the porous structure of the upper soil layers, these drops broke out and gradually created oil deposits. Through the layers of sand and lime oil broke out, but on its way often there were layers of stones, it fell into the trap, in which all cavities and depressions filled with liquid. Now the extraction of black gold in the world consists in trying to drill wells to penetrate these huge filled cavities.

How are oil fields arranged?

Huge oil fields, such as in the Middle East, lie under large stone domes, where oil accumulates. The deposits on the European continent are huge salt domes that push out the powerful stone slabs upwards, as a result, the oil fills the formed cavities.

Consumption of oil

The world that we know would be very different if there was no oil. It is even difficult to imagine how many everyday things are created from it. Synthetic fibers that make up clothes, all plastic used in everyday life and industry, medicines, cosmetics - all this is made from oil.

Almost half of the energy consumed by mankind is produced from ground oil. It is consumed by aircraft engines, as well as almost all vehicles of the world. Oil is also burned to produce an electric current. Produced electricity moves industrial units and is the basis of daily life in the industrial world.

Deposits of black gold

The Middle East, primarily the Arab countries and Iran, meets almost half of the world's oil demand. Large oil fields also exist in Russia, the US, African countries, for example, in Nigeria, as well as in North America. Large deposits have been found in other places, but their development requires large financial costs and is accompanied by technical difficulties.

Oil production in the world began in the United States. The first oil source was discovered in the USA in 1859. Oil hit the key from the depth of 21 meters. The method of drilling at that time was extremely simple: a heavy chisel was suspended in a wooden drill tower, which continuously crashed to the ground and broke rocks. The first marine drilling rig was built in 1900 on the coast of California.

New volumes of oil production in the world can be hidden under deserts or swamps, under the seabed or blocks of Antarctic ice, it is difficult to recognize behind the relief of the terrain that is deep down in the bowels of the earth. Therefore, the search for new oil fields is extremely complex and requires huge financial costs.

Reserve and extraction of black gold

Oil production in the world is not an endless process. Given the current estimates, at the current level of production, its world geological reserves will last at least 46 years, including in Saudi Arabia by 72 years, Iran by 88, Iraq by 128, Venezuela by 234, Libya by 77, Kuwait - 111, United Arab Emirates - 94, Russia - 21, China - 10, the United States - 11 years.

Oil production in the world (the table clearly shows this) is characterized by TOP-10 countries-champions.

Oil production around the world at different times was very different. Consider the history of countries that have grown rich on black gold.

Saudi Arabia

The leader is Saudi Arabia, its oil production in the world, the table confirms it, made it an extremely rich state. Until 1938, a young kingdom called Saudi Arabia was one of the poorest countries in the world. In 1938 in Saudi Arabia were found huge in terms of oil sources. Their development was hampered by the Second World War and the works began only in 1946, and by 1949 the oil industry of the country had reached a high level. Oil became the main source of wealth and prosperity of the kingdom. Oil exports enriched the kingdom by $ 310 billion in 2008. The entire Saudi industry is based on the oil industry. The explored oil reserves for this day in this country are about 260 billion barrels and this equals 24% of the explored reserves on Earth. This figure of the discovered oil deposits is steadily growing. At present, Saudi Arabia is rightly considered the richest country in the world.

Iran

The second largest producer of black gold in the world is the Islamic Republic of Iran. Iran is a state that lives off oil exports. Thanks to new discoveries of deposits, the country further strengthens the status of the oil giant. Most recently, Iran discovered a giant oil reserve with reserves of 15 billion barrels.

Kuwait

The third place is occupied by Kuwait. Thanks to oil production, the state became rich: in the 70-80s, exports made the country the richest in the world. But in the 1990s, a complicated political situation caused a failure of imports. The Iraqi invasion almost ruined the country, destroyed the former wealth. But in recent years, the state has quickly returned to its former level. Currently, Kuwait has found solid oil deposits, about 102 billion barrels, which is 9% of the world's reserves. The main share, about 95% of export earnings is oil and oil products.

Let's look into the future

In our time, oil reigns everywhere. No other form can replace it as a source of energy. Annual oil production in the world is about 4.4 billion tons. It is predicted that at the current level of consumption, its reserves will be enough (from known deposits) until 2025. If the world oil production is reduced and new sources are discovered, the earth oil in the depths of the earth can be stretched for 150 to 1000 years. This is too small in the scale of the planet. Nature needs 200 million years to create this mineral, and the current generation is wasting it for a million times, that is, behaving as if human civilization would disappear after it.

Sooner or later, humanity must change the way of life, manage sources of oil intelligently or look for other alternative sources of energy. As many experts believe, the picture of the future is as follows: the oil reserve will be used primarily for the raw materials of the chemical industry for the production of plastics, medicines and other high-quality products. Vehicles, cars and trucks or airplanes will be driven by hydrogen. Electric and thermal energy will be extracted from alternative renewable sources, such as wind, sun and water. It remains only to cherish what we have and wait for the future.