List of programming languages. Programming languages of low and high level

As the development of computer technology does not stand still, and continuously improving methods and methods of programming, as well as programming languages. Consider what languages exist in the modern computer field and their classification.

General information

The list of programming languages is so wide and diverse that it is almost impossible to completely publish it. Among all languages, there are three main subgroups:

• Machine (low-level programming languages);
• Machine-oriented (assemblers);
• Machine-independent (high-level);

Among the developers of modern software most popular the following major programming languages. The list is listed in descending order of popularity:

1. SQL.
2. Java.
3. XML.
4. C ++.
5. HTML.
6. Visual Basic.
7. XSL.
8. Delphi.

This list of programming languages is far from complete, but these are the most popular languages, knowledge of which can be required from the programmer when hiring. All of them are high-level programming languages.

Basics of programming

Low-level programming languages are languages that require consideration of the type and capabilities of the processor. Operators and methods of operation of such programming languages are close enough to the machine code, they require knowledge of the memory device of the personal computer and how the processor accesses it.

It is difficult to name the various low-level programming languages. The list all the same will be reduced to one dominant language - the assembler. Since it allows you to compose program codes in the notation of a machine code close, assembly language is used solely when writing system software, such as operating systems, device drivers, and programming control codes for microcircuits.

The downside of such programming languages is that programs are written on them to perform specific tasks on a particular device and their implementation is impossible in case of transfer to another processor.

Application Development

A list of programming languages for creating custom applications, as well as for the development and implementation of custom software, has thousands of positions. As you understand, this diversity is due to the fact that a particular language is suitable for solving specific problems.

Despite the fact that these programming languages are defined in a separate group, their execution takes place in the machine code. To execute a finished program line by line and translate it into machine code, special programs are used - interpreters. If the translation of the code from one language to another is done without executing commands, then compilers are doing it. In general, programs designed to translate written programs from one formal programming language to another are called translators.

Let's take a closer look at the high-level programming languages. We will not list the list, we'll just write down a few more details about each of the most popular ones.

SQL

A specialized programming language is designed primarily for working with database management systems and their programming. SQL is translated as "specialized query language". Since in recent decades the database market has grown many times, the popularity of this language does not come as a surprise.

There are different opinions about the future of this language. It is unambiguously believed that the technology of creating relational databases was on top, but its time is running out. The need for development in connection with the increasing volume of processed data leads experts to the idea that in the future, mankind simply needs a transition from relational to post-relational technologies, but with the preservation of compatibility with existing data banks.

Javascript

By right it ranks second among high-level programming languages. Easy to learn, easy to use. Increased in comparison with the progenitor of adaptability to programming leads to the fact that working with this language, millions of people around the world. Object-oriented language based on C ++, is adapted to the creation of programs and applications capable of processing huge information flows in specialized environments and taking into account the specific environment of the implementation of the finished software product.

Java technology is the foundation that allows in unlimited quantities to increase the infrastructure of enterprises and companies that can link together systems of the most varied caliber, from connecting to the telephone network via Wi-fi and ending with supercomputers.

XML

The descendant of HTML, this technology is an extensible markup language. It is adapted to interpret documents. It carries out the most complicated transformations and changes in documents. The XML language is used for the transmission and temporary storage of data when working with various relational databases via the Internet.

XML has already reached a level where it can claim the role of a fundamental technology for building corporate networks.

We program in Russian

Most popular programming languages use the vocabulary of English. However, apart from them there are also Russian programming languages. The list in Russian is small, and the subject area in which they are used is very specialized. We give some examples.

• 1C: Enterprise. A whole system designed to manage the organization in all areas of activity. Often, in the search for employees, you can meet "Programmer 1C".
• Verb. An analogue of the English-speaking Pascal.
• Robik. A specialized programming language designed to teach children the basics of programming.
• Rapier. A language with dynamic typing based on procedures.

As you can see, the list of programming languages is so wide and varied that it can not be covered by any classifications and lists. If you decide to do programming on an amateur or professional level, then remember that the programmer is a creative profession that requires not only knowledge, but also imagination, imagination, intuition and even a little luck.