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Labor education of preschool children in accordance with GEF: the purpose, objectives, planning of labor education in accordance with GEF, the problem of labor education of preschool children
To lay down in the child the desire and ability to work it is necessary from the preschool age. Proceeding from this, pre-school institutions place one of the main goals in the labor education of preschool children. In accordance with GEF DO this term is understood to mean the system of formation in each child of diligence and work skills. And also the desire to learn work.
The main goal of the labor education of preschool children is the formation of a careful attitude to any work and a clear idea of the work activity of adults.
In connection with this goal, the state standard distinguishes the following main tasks:
- Formation of clear ideas about adult work and the importance of labor in life.
- Formation of knowledge, skills and habits necessary for labor activity.
- Educating respectful attitude to any work.
Types of work and tasks
The GEF Do assumes the following types of work:
- Self-service;
- Economic labor;
- Labor is natural;
- manual labor.
For each type, it is possible to identify certain tasks of labor education for preschool children.
Type of work | Tasks |
Self-service |
|
economic |
|
natural |
|
manual |
|
It is important to take into account that the first two types of work should be formed during all the years of stay in the kindergarten, and manual work begins only 1-2 years before graduation from preschool.
How does each type of work affect the child ?
Due to the formation of self-service skills, pupils have such qualities as self-confidence, the ability to solve their problems independently and be independent of parents or other important adults.
The realization of the tasks of economic labor enables children to understand that they can improve the environment independently and without any help. All the knowledge that the Dow will give to children will play a significant role in the future.
Working with nature helps children improve their mood, self-esteem; Allows you to teach children how to grow a product, flower and carry out proper care; Develops the child's thinking processes.
Training manual work helps children to believe in their strength and understand that they can do a beautiful thing on their own and make it happy not only for themselves, but for their loved ones.
Proceeding from the above, it is necessary to conclude that it is very important to include all types of activities in the education plan, because only thanks to this the tutor will be able to release from the kindergarten a person fully prepared for school and adult life.
Forms of organization of work
For a full-fledged education of work activity, preschool children should use the following forms:
- Instructions;
- duty roster;
- Joint labor.
Let's consider in detail all aspects of each of the forms.
Instructions - the most pleasant and effective means of education and development of work qualities. Children really like it when they are commissioned by authoritative adults, and in order to get praise from this person, they will try to carry out the assignment well, quickly and correctly.
Instructions are of three types: individual, group, general.
Beginning with instructions specifically to one child, and only then, at an older age, go to the group. In addition, at a younger age, assignments should be small and light. As the child grows, tasks should be complicated.
It is very important to always praise the child not only for successful fulfillment, but also for the desire and desire to help. Do not assume that helping the child in the assignment will have a negative result, on the contrary, helping the kids, you realize their sense of security and confidence in others.
Watching is a specific task given by a few pupils of a kindergarten, which requires special responsibility. Due to duty, children feel their importance to the preschool institution, the responsibility for the task and understand that their role and active participation in the group are important. In addition, the duty group brings together children's collective, and the common cause helps children to get to know each other better.
Joint work allows the kids to correctly allocate responsibilities, select roles for each participant and be responsible for carrying out their work before the group. The upbringing of preschool children in accordance with GEF is realized through the listed forms of activity, which were selected by experienced teachers due to the conducted research.
How correctly to distribute classes?
In order to realize the goal of labor education of preschool children, it is necessary to plan the activity correctly. It is very important in the selection of activities to take into account age characteristics.
It is worth noting that you need to use all forms of activity and distribute them with the appropriate load for children.
Incorrect planning of labor education in accordance with GEF DO and its total
Act | The result |
The educator uses in one day all three forms of work activity. | The tasks of labor education of preschool children are realized at a low level, due to a heavy burden on children. Pupils consider themselves not personalities, but subordinates, on whom a lot of work is required. |
The educator uses one form of activity per week. | Since it is absolutely impossible to involve all children in all forms of forms, the labor education in accordance with the GEF will only be manifested in a part of the pupils, who were more involved in the activity. |
The teacher incorrectly calculates the degree of complexity of the tasks. | For young children, he gives complex tasks, and the guys from the older group - simple and light. Such an approach will cause children to have a negative attitude towards work because they will either be very easy or too difficult. Moreover, this method can completely discourage the desire to work and respect human labor. |
In order to avoid such mistakes, it is necessary to correctly distribute the duties of children in the process of labor education.
Possible tasks for different ages
With a view to maximally realizing the tasks of labor education of preschool children, an approximate table of activities for each group was compiled. You can read it below.
Group | Job Options |
Nursing \ Junior | Two groups are united in one type, since the age of the kids and their possibilities are approximately the same. At this age, you can give such instructions as to pour a flower from a children's watering can (only one pot, if it's a street, then one small flower bed), take a small object from one place to another, hang your clothes to dry. Duty and collective tasks at this age do not apply. |
Average | The upbringing of preschool children in accordance with the GEF in the middle group requires a little more complicated assignments. For example, independently water all the flowers in the group, carefully hang their things, beautifully arrange toys, etc. Begins acquaintance with the new form of work - on duty. The very first watch is on the dining room. Children should be supervised to ensure that everyone has their instruments, bread, cheese on their desks, and carefully observe that all the inmates wash their hands before eating. It is also possible to instruct the attendants to serve fruit or vegetables on the table, but not completely on the table, but 2 pieces each. |
Older | In the older group, the children are already older, and their possibilities have significantly expanded. Now it is necessary to introduce such kind of labor education as collective work. It is recommended to start with interesting and exciting activities. A good collective work at this age will be the cultivation of a flower by a group. Each of the children will distribute their duties: someone watches the watering, someone after loosening the ground, and someone - for sufficient sunlight. Thus, the educator shapes preschoolers' feelings of love and concern for the environment and the ability to perform work in the team. |
Preparatory | Labor education in accordance with GEF DOs in this group is intended for serious preparation of future graduates of the kindergarten to major changes. This will be a new stage of life - the school. Therefore, it is very important to prepare an independent, educated and hardworking first-grader. For this, it is necessary to alternate all forms of labor activity. It is obligatory to conduct collective work once a week, but not for long. That is, the work should be started and finished on the same day. It can be making collages, cleaning in a corner of animals or on the street, etc. The educator must maximize the desire for work and the desire to work. |
Work and parents
It is also important to work in the upbringing of preschool children in accordance with GEF for parents. In addition, the result of the "vaccination" of love and a good attitude to work largely depends on them.
Those rules that are present in the preschool institution should be used by parents at home. Otherwise, a mismatch of requirements may lead to a misunderstanding on the part of the child of what is required of him. The consequences of such disagreements are different: minimal - the child will always be not sure whether he is doing the job correctly, the maximum - if you need to do this in one place and do not need it in another and you need it differently, the child will decide that the adults themselves They do not know what they expect from the baby and come up with the rules themselves. And if such requirements are just fiction, then they can not be performed.
The problem of labor education of preschool children is solved only by joint work of parents and a teacher. To do this, it is necessary to organize parental meetings as often as possible , where to agree on the rules, tasks and methods of raising children. Parents, in turn, must attend all meetings and take an active part in them.
Remember, only by uniting you can achieve positive results! Do not dump all the work on educators, and then teachers. Their goal is only to direct the children in the right direction, and yours is to make every effort to have the child learn.
Hygienic conditions
To ensure that the upbringing of preschool children in accordance with GEF DOs has a positive result, it is necessary to monitor the hygiene of children and the purity of the subjects with which they work.
The effectiveness of the labor education of preschool children in accordance with the GEF increases when the work takes place outdoors. If children work in an institution, it is necessary to regularly ventilate the premises and monitor the cleanliness of the items.
When children work on a craft or draw, the room should be well lit, so as not to harm the child's vision.
The pose for work is of great importance. It is impossible for the pupils to be in one position for more than an hour, since this is very harmful for the spine that forms.
Importance of labor education of preschool children
A person must be trained in labor, as this is the only source of a prosperous existence. Diligence from an early age ensures success and prosperity in the future. Trained from infancy, children are more independent, adapt easily to any conditions and solve all kinds of problems faster. Diligence allows a person to gain confidence in himself and tomorrow.
The upbringing of preschool children in accordance with the GEF is aimed at maximizing the child's knowledge, skills and skills, so that the pupil of the kindergarten can safely develop further and receive respect from relatives, friends and even strangers.
Conclusion
The upbringing of preschool children in accordance with the GEF in the tables given in the article reveals in detail the essence and problems of the formation of diligence.
The most important thing is to start involving children in the labor process from a small age. Do it in a game form, but with certain requirements. It is necessary to praise the child, even if he does not succeed.
It is important to note that it is necessary to work on labor education in accordance with age characteristics and it is important to take into account the individual capabilities of each child.
And remember, only together with parents you can fully realize the labor education of preschool children in accordance with GEF!
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