Ion exchange resins: application. How effective are they in water purification?

Ion exchange resins are insoluble compounds at high molecular level, which can show the reaction when interacting with solution ions. They have a three-dimensional gel or macroporous structure. They are also called ion exchangers.

Varieties

These resins are cation exchange (they are divided into strongly acidic and slightly acidic), anion-exchange (strongly basic, weakly basic, with intermediate and mixed base) and bipolar. Strongly acidic compounds are cation exchangers that can exchange cations without dependence on pH values. But weakly acidic can function with a value of at least seven. Strongly basic anion exchangers have the property of exchanging anions in solutions for any degree of dissociation, at any pH. This, in turn, is devoid of weakly basic anion exchangers. In this situation, the pH should be 1-6. In other words, the resin can exchange ions in water, absorb one, and in return give back those that were previously stored. And since it is H ₂ O - a multicomponent structure, we must correctly prepare it, choose a chemical reaction.

Properties

Ion exchange resins are polyelectrolytes. They do not dissolve. The multiply charged ion is immobile, because it has a large molecular mass. It forms the basis of the ion exchanger, is associated with small mobile elements that have the opposite sign, and, in turn, can exchange them in solution.

Production

If a polymer that does not have the property of an ion exchanger, is treated chemically, then there will be changes - regeneration of the ion exchange resin. This is a fairly important process. With the help of polymer-analogous transformations, and also polycondensation and polymerization, ion exchangers are obtained. There is salt and mixed-salt forms. The first implies sodium and chloride, and the second - sodium-hydrogen, hydroxyl-chloride species. Under such conditions, ion exchangers are produced. Moreover, in the process they are transferred to a working form, namely, hydrogen, hydroxyl, etc. Such materials are used in various fields of activity, for example, in medicine and pharmaceutics, in the food industry, and in nuclear power plants for the purification of condensate. An ion-exchange resin for a mixed-action filter can also be used.

Application

Ion exchange resin is used to soften water. In addition, the compound can also desalinate the liquid. In this regard, ion exchange resins are often used in heat power engineering. In hydrometallurgy, they are used for non-ferrous and rare metals, in the chemical industry, they are purified and different elements are separated. Ion exchangers can also purify sewage ponds, and for organic synthesis they are a whole catalyst. Thus, ion exchange resins can be used in different industries.

Industrial cleaning

On the heat transfer surfaces, scale may appear, and if it reaches only 1 mm, the fuel consumption will increase by 10%. It's still a big loss. Moreover, the equipment wears out more quickly. To prevent this, you need to properly organize water treatment. For this, a filter with an ion exchange resin is used. It is clearing the liquid, you can get rid of the scale. The methods are different, but with increasing temperatures, their options become smaller.

Treatment of H ₂ O

There are several ways to purify water. You can use magnetic and ultrasonic treatment, or you can retouch it with complexons, complexonates, IOMS-1. But a more popular option is filtering by ion exchange. This will force the composition of water elements to change. When this method is used, H ₂ O is almost completely desalinated, the contamination is lost. It should be noted that such cleaning is difficult to achieve in other ways. Water treatment with ion-exchange resins is very popular not only in Russia but also in other countries. Such cleaning has many advantages and is much more effective than other methods. Those elements that are removed will never remain a deposit on the bottom, and the reagents need not be dosed constantly. To make this procedure very easy - the design of filters is the same. If you want, you can use automation. After cleaning, the properties will be preserved under any temperature fluctuations.

Ion exchange resin Purolite A520E. Description

To absorb nitrate ions in water, a macroporous resin was created. It is used to purify H ₂ O in different media. Specially for this, the ion exchange resin Purolite A520E appeared. It helps to get rid of nitrates even with a large amount of sulfates. This means that, compared to other ion exchangers, this resin is most effective and has better characteristics.

Working capacity

Purolite A520E has a high selectivity. This helps, regardless of the amount of sulfates, to remove nitrates qualitatively. These functions can not boast other ion-exchange resins. This is due to the fact that the exchange of elements decreases with the content of sulfates in H ₂ O. But due to the selectivity for the Purolite A520E, this reduction is not particularly important. Although the compound is low, if compared with others, a complete exchange, the liquid in large quantities is purified sufficiently qualitatively. At the same time, if there are not enough sulphates, then various anion exchangers, both gel and macroporous, can cope with the treatment of water and the elimination of nitrates.

Preparatory operations

In order for the Purolite A520E resin to work 100%, it must be properly prepared for the purification and preparation of H ₂ O for the food industry. It should be noted that before use, the compound used is treated with a 6% NaCl solution. In doing so, use twice as much volume compared to the amount of the resin itself. After this, the compound is washed with food water (the amount of H ₂ O should be 4 times greater). Only after carrying out such processing, it is possible to be accepted for clearing.

Conclusion

Due to the properties that ion exchange resins possess, they can be used in the food industry not only for water purification, but also for processing products, various drinks and other. In appearance, anion exchangers are small balls. It is to them that the ions of calcium and magnesium adhere, and they, in turn, give sodium ions into the water. During the washing process, the granules release these adherent elements. It should be remembered that the pressure in the ion exchange resin can drop. This will affect its useful properties. Changes are influenced by external factors: temperature, column height and particle size, and their speed. Therefore, the optimum state of the medium should be maintained during processing. Often use anion exchangers in cleaning water for the aquarium - they contribute to the formation of good conditions for the life of fish and plants. So, ion exchange resins are needed in different industries, even at home, as they can qualitatively purify water for its further use.