How to learn to write an essay on literature? The plan of the composition of literature

How to learn to write an essay on literature? Our article is devoted to the answer to this question. Writing an essay is one of the most difficult and important tasks in teaching. First of all, let's look at the very word itself. Composition ... Its composition includes the root "rank." Its meaning is "hierarchy", "order". In other words, the composition is an ordering of thoughts, which is dictated by the material of analysis and the chosen theme.

Why is the presentation of thoughts more difficult for some students?

The question of how to learn how to write an essay on literature is often asked not only by schoolchildren who are not given this task in any way, but also parents who can not help their children, as well as teachers who are looking for new methods and ways to teach children to write this kind of Work. For many schoolchildren, this is real flour, and they do not understand classmates who, when writing a composition, light their eyes.

Why is this happening? We are all very different people. Someone likes to fantasize, act, argue, reason. So, as a rule, I like to write essays. Often they even ignore advice and do work on inspiration. The question of how to learn to write an essay on literature, in front of these lucky people is usually not worth it. But others are lost. The options for solving this problem are critical literature, the Internet, and also friendship with fellow amateurs to express their thoughts in writing. In this article, we will give our answer to the question of how to write the essay in the most competent way.

Different kinds of work

In school we get acquainted with various kinds of this work: essays, essays-descriptions, reasonings, miniatures, essays on literary works, etc. Each of them has its own structure and has its own writing requirements, which should not be forgotten. For example, the essay essay is closer to literary creation. It is worth paying special attention to when working on it, not only on the content of the text, but also on the beauty, imagery, ease of presentation. And in the composition-reasoning there are necessarily three parts: this is the introduction (which includes the theses), the main part (examples and proofs) and conclusions (the expression of one's own point of view on the theme of the composition). Characterizing the miniature, we note that it consists of a thesis, as well as its explanations. This kind of compositions often train gifted children to participate in olympiads and subject contests, because writing capacitively and briefly is often much more difficult than creating a standard work that occupies several pages in volume.

Problem topics

The themes of the composition are different. Problematic ones are those in which questions of aesthetic, scientific or ethical character are posed. Their wording often includes the term itself (the "problem"), which tells you how to write an essay. Examples: "The problem of the past in the poem" The Dead Souls "by N. Gogol", "Will the happiness of the heroes of Tolstoy's heroes of Dostoyevsky?"

Comparative Themes

Comparative suggest the comparison of two or more objects according to a certain formulation of the characteristics. Usually included in the formulation of such topics are several objects that are connected by the union "and". Example: "The son and father of Kirsanov in the novel" Fathers and Sons "by I. Turgenev."

Browse Topics

The survey topics suggest a wide coverage of the material, often its reproductive presentation (ie, retelling) and description. Their content sometimes involves examining the transformation of an object with time. The topic in some cases includes comparative elements, that is, the change of something in time. Such formulations will prompt you how to write an essay. Examples: "The depiction of the war in Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace", "Moscow and Muscovites in Bulgakov's Work" , etc.

Other types of themes

Disclosing features of the mastery of the creator of the work of the topic require a good knowledge of the concepts of literary criticism. You need to be able to characterize the characters, see the features of the narrative, analyze the descriptions (interior, portrait, landscape), understand the composition of the text. The main thing is to see the ideological and aesthetic value of these elements. Example: "The skill of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy in the depiction of Russian history."

Compositions on the citation suggest the identification of the topic of this statement, the formulation of a problematic issue.

Most of the topics are mixed, which include elements of the above-described species. There are also free ones, which are often based on the author's everyday experience.

School children are often interested in how to learn how to write composition-reasoning. The goal is to convince the reader of something, fix or change his opinion on the question. The basis of this type of work, the core of it is an understandable, clearly articulated and grounded from different positions the main idea, which should be the only one. Answering the question about how to learn how to write an essay-reasoning, as well as other types of work, it is worth mentioning some rules.

Rules that will help you when creating an essay

Perhaps, to someone they will seem not so important, but the problem in this case is unlikely to move from the place. The main failures lie just in the neglect of the main rules.

Composition is a genre that denies rewriting. Choosing "juicy" phrases and sentences from the finished works on critical literature, we do not enrich it at all, but only do typical plagiarism. In doing this, we still do not know how to write an essay on the subject of the work. Undoubtedly, students should turn to criticism, but only in order to channel their own thoughts in the right direction, to make sure that the main idea is understood correctly, the essence of the problem is grasped.

The philosophy of the work, discovered by other authors, can help to deep understanding the topic, for internal work. However, statements, conclusions, impressions and thoughts should belong to only one person - the creator of the work. "And yet, how to learn to write an essay on literature in this case?" - you ask.

If you need to write a work on a specific work of literature (which is the most common option for schoolchildren), you should first read the work. Not suitable for this is only a summary. True interest in literature can be awakened only by reading the original. Brief contents reflect only the surface layer, on the basis of which deep work with the text is impossible. In order to create a good composition, you should independently see in the story, poem or novel an unusual story, deep meaning, relevance and a talented word.

It is very useful to read good works created by other authors. Samples of them now can be found in a variety of sources. They will be useful when we write an essay on literature. Examples of where they can be found - special benefits, collections, magazines. After reading several of these samples, you will appreciate the features of the style, language of the author, structure.

And, finally, the last rule: never sit down for a clean sheet. You must have in your head already a certain plan, the image of the future text. It is difficult to imagine what and how to write, sitting at the desk. But, for example, when you walk the dog, go to the store, wash the dishes, you can come up with a future composition. This method is worth trying - the result will pleasantly surprise you.

Plan

In order to write a good job, you need to have a writing plan on literature at hand. What is it? The plan of the essay on literature invariably includes the following three parts: this is the introduction, the main part and the conclusion.

Introduction

The purpose of the introduction is to anticipate what will be said in the main part. The beginning of the essay is the place where you can express your feelings and thoughts. The introduction "advertises" the further text, carries away readers. It will be appropriate to use interesting statements, epigraphs, as well as to indicate the general mood of your work. As you know, the most difficult thing is to start. In order for this part to turn out to be successful, it is necessary to formulate in it key problem questions - those that can be answered within the framework of the topic proposed to you, and then, selecting one or two of them that you will disclose in your essay, justify This choice. We also recommend you give the terms that you will use in the answer, identify them, which will show their understanding by the author. Do not be afraid of question marks. Formulate boldly interrogative sentences. The beginning of the composition (introductory part) sometimes briefly characterizes either the work itself or the era of its creation, if the topic proposed by the author involves the analysis of a particular aspect.

Main part

The main part is the disclosure of the theme of the work. For example, if this is an image of a hero, one should consider it holistically, while not leaving important details "overboard" - after all, they were noted for something by the creator of the work. You should not write if the topic of writing is not fully understood if the plot line is lost somewhere. It may be necessary in this case to re-read the work. Do not be afraid to ask questions to the teacher - he will only approve of your inquisitiveness and interest. The main part should be a demonstrative and detailed answer to the questions formulated by you in the introduction. In it you must convince the reader that you have correctly put them and correctly solve them. This is the largest part in terms of volume. It should pay special attention, thinking about how to write an essay.

A sample of thought presented by a critic can be developed if his idea is very much you liked: to present your own observations, explain it in your own words. Evaluate later, whether it is related to the main theme of your work, with the general text. But it is still preferable to resort to quotes, which will emphasize your preparedness and awareness, will look ethical.

Conclusion

And, finally, the conclusion. The main task of this part is to take stock of your reasoning presented in the second part, as well as on the problematic issues that you formulated in the introduction. It is necessary to summarize the conclusions, using the terms and keywords that are included in the wording of the given topic: often there are words like "landscape", "image", "composition", "problem" and others. In the final conclusions, repeat them. Remember that the introduction and the conclusion on the content in many respects repeat each other. Only the form changes from questioning to affirmative.

It should be noted that in all cases it is not necessary to apply the template we proposed. How to write an essay, decide individually. The choice of points depends on the reader's vigilance, the degree of preparation, the ability to determine the main thing. However, it is recommended to follow the plan that we have drawn up, then there will be no difficulties with understanding how to learn to write essays. EGE, for example, assesses the presence of three elements - entry, main body and conclusion.