Hemostatic agents

The connective tissue consisting of plasma (liquid part of it) and suspended elements (leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets) - blood (8% of the body weight of a person) - is the internal environment of the body that circulates in the blood vessel system, but Directly does not communicate with other tissues due to histohematological barriers. It expires outward or inside the body as a result of damage to the vessels and skin or during the natural menstrual cycle.

A healthy person can survive, without medical complications, a blood loss of up to 15% of the total. Over this amount, the danger is classified as medium, heavy, massive, deadly and absolutely deadly. Methods for stopping blood depend on the species, as this may be an obvious (external, internal) or latent outflow. Help can be temporary, when the application of a hemostatic tourniquet is made, or permanent, when vessels are closed, tamponade, embolization or hemocoagulation is performed for the final stop.

In hemocoagulation (coagulation or coagulation), which is part of the hemostasis (stopping bleeding), a very complex biological process takes place, resulting in the formation of fibrin protein strands at the wound site. Those, in turn, form thrombi (clots) curdled consistency. They, being in the lumen of the blood vessel, play the role of a cork overlapping the hole. To accelerate the coagulation apply hemostatic. These include drugs that are obtained from the blood - these are purified concentrates of coagulating components.

Anti-fibrinolytic agents are used for treatment (especially during operations) (for example, Trasilol, Contrikal, Amben). When bleeding, antagonists of anticoagulants are also used, for example, "Calcium gluconate" or "Calcium chloride".

For treatment, depending on the place and nature of the problem, various medicinal haemostatic (haemostatica) or hemostatic agents of resorptive (entering the blood) and local (applied to the tissues of the wound) are used. For example, for this purpose, the "Hemostatic sponge" drug is used, which is a porous, dry mass obtained from the blood of bovine animals or donors. It contains thrombokinase, thrombin and some combination drugs that promote hemocoagulation. The sponge is applied to the wound and left until complete resorption.

Sometimes specific haemostatic agents are used. For example, when bleeding from small (but not large!) Vessels, a solution of "Thrombin" (natural ingredient of the blood coagulation system) is used, they are impregnated with a sterile gauze swab or "Hemostatic sponge" and applied to the wound. When changing the dressing or after eliminating the problem, the gauze swab is removed, and the sponge is left, since it has the property of resolving.

Some herbs also have hemostatic properties and are able to stop or reduce the flow of blood. That is, they act as haemostatic agents. The effect of hemostasis is on those plants that contain natural substances - tannins. These are chemical compounds of phenolic type with astringent, antidiarrheal and hemostatic properties. Hemostatic herbs help increase coagulation and shorten the time of fibrin protein formation. Hemostatic herbs lead to an acceleration of platelet aggregation at the site of bleeding, prevent it from brittle capillaries, prevent the spread of infection, and remove inflammation. These include yarrow ordinary, white peony root, nettle, ginger, geranium, bug, plantain and others. Herbs and medications on their basis can effectively cope with minor bleeding or reduce blood loss until its cause is eliminated.