Hawking's radiation: mysteries no longer exist

Stephen Hawking is the greatest cosmologist and theoretical physicist of our time. Born in 1942, a future scientist began experiencing health problems as early as 20 years. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis severely hampered learning at Oxford's Department of Theoretical Physics, but did not stop Stephen from leading a very active, eventful lifestyle. He married in 1965, became a member of the Royal Society of London in 1974. By this time he already had a daughter and two sons. In 1985, the scientist stopped talking. Today, in his body, only one facial muscle on his cheek retained mobility. It seemed that a completely immobile and dumb person was sentenced. However, in 1995 he again marries, and in 2007 ... commits a flight in weightlessness.

On Earth there is no man without mobility, who would live so full, useful and interesting life.

But that's not all. The greatest development of Hawking was the theory of black holes. "Hawking theory," as it is now called, has radically changed the long-standing views of scientists about the Black Holes of the Universe.

At the beginning of the work on the theory, the scientist, like many of his colleagues, argued that in the Black Holes everything that gets into them is permanently destroyed. This information paradox did not give rest to the military and scientists of the whole world. It was believed that no properties of these space objects, with the exception of mass, can not be established.

After studying the Black Holes in 1975, Hawking found that they constantly emit into space the flow of photons and some other elementary particles. However, even the scientist himself was sure that "Hawking radiation" is of an accidental, unpredictable nature. The learned British at first thought that this radiation does not carry any information.

However, the quality of a genius mind is the ability to constantly doubt. Hawking went on to investigate and found that the evaporation of the Black Hole (ie Hawking radiation) is of a quantum nature. This allowed him to conclude that the information trapped in the Black Hole is not destroyed, but is changed. The theory that the state of the hole is constant is true, if we consider it from the point of view of non-quantum physics.

Taking into account the quantum theory, the vacuum is filled with "virtual" particles, which emit different physical fields. The power of radiation changes constantly. When it becomes very strong, a particle-antiparticle pair can be born directly from the vacuum at the horizon of events (boundary) of the Black Hole. If the total energy of one particle turns out to be positive, and the second one - negative, if the particles fall into the Black Hole, they start behaving differently. A negative antiparticle starts to decrease the rest energy of the Black Hole, and the positive particle tends to infinity.

From the outside, this process looks like evaporation coming from the Black Hole. It is this evaporation that is called "Hawking radiation". The scientist established that this "evaporation" of distorted information has its own thermal spectrum, visible by instruments, a certain temperature.

Hawking's radiation, according to the scientist himself, indicates that not all information is lost and disappears forever in the Black Hole. He is convinced that quantum physics proves the impossibility of complete destruction or loss of information. And this means that such information, albeit in a modified form, contains Hawking radiation.

If the scientist is right, then the past and future of the Black Holes can be explored in the same way as the history of other planets.

Unfortunately, this disproves the opinion about the possibility of traveling through time or into other universes with the help of Black Holes. The presence of Hawking radiation proves that any object that has fallen into a hole will return to our Universe in the form of changed information.

Not all scientists share the belief of a British physicist. However, they also do not dare to challenge them. Today the whole world is waiting for new publications of Hawking, in which he promised to prove in detail and demonstratively the objectivity of his theory, which turned the scientific world.

Especially since scientists managed to get Hawking radiation in the laboratory. This happened in 2010.