Gear wheel - an indispensable part of the machine

The transmission or transformation of motion in various mechanisms and devices is carried out by means of gear or worm gears. This is the most common method in modern engineering and the design of various devices.

The main element of the worm gear or gear is the cogwheel. A more simple and economically viable alternative to such a design invention, modern engineers have not yet found. Motion converters, in which the gear wheel is used, are reliable and durable in operation, compact and have a high coefficient of efficiency. This type of transmission can transmit significant power for all its ease of use.

However, the production of gears requires high accuracy. In case of incorrect calculations and errors in the design or incorrect installation of these parts, operation leads to rapid wear and breakdown of the equipment, excessive noise and destructive vibrations.

In modern devices and machinery, various types of improved, specially processed steels are commonly used as the main material for the production of parts, which have long established themselves as durable, wear-resistant materials. However, the advanced technologies of Western and domestic manufacturers allow replacing metal alloys with lighter plastics and composites.

The cogwheel, in the manufacture of which was used textolite, polyurethane, nylon or laminated plastic, will facilitate the construction, avoiding vibration or additional noise and rumbling. In mechanisms where high loads are not required, the plastic will be more reliable and durable. The use of gear wheels from these materials will be much cheaper. And excellent anti-corrosion properties will extend the life of the part.

Classification of these elements is made depending on the location of their axes, the method of engagement, structural design and profile shape. Distinguish spur, helical and chevron wheels, with external or internal gearing, conical, cylindrical, worm and screw gears.

Each gear of the mechanism can rotate in both one and the opposite direction, transform the rotation of the shaft into translational motion by means of a rack and pinion transmission. Selection and calculation of a particular part is carried out depending on the purpose, technical characteristics and types of movement.

To accurately design the cogwheel, it is necessary to perform mathematical calculations on certain formulas, using information from regulatory documents and directories for engineering. The main parameters of the part that are necessary for designing include the number of teeth, the diameter of the wheel along the outer protrusions and hollows, the pitch diameter of the wheel, the height of the tooth, which consists of the height of the head and the tooth's leg, and the pitch of the engagement.

When choosing the material for the gear wheel, the flexural strength in the dangerous sections at the base and at the tooth engagement pole is calculated.