Forms of complicity in crime: the concept and types

The Criminal Code of each country includes separate provisions on what constitutes "forms of complicity in a crime". This concept has its own characteristics, types and features. Let's try to figure this out.

Forms of complicity in crime: the concept and symptoms

So, what is meant by the proposed term? Any joint participation of the willful character of two or more persons in the commission of a crime. Naturally, this factor increases the danger of a perfect action, therefore, it is an aggravating circumstance. It is also worth noting that each of the accomplices contributes a completely different contribution to the crime, therefore each of them receives a punishment absolutely individual, in accordance with their guilt and role. The main subjective features include the fact that complicity in the commission of a crime is recognized only if there were more than 2 accomplices, and each of them reached a certain age, with the onset of which a person can be sentenced to criminal liability. Do not forget that this form is recognized only in deliberate actions. Crimes that are committed by negligence can not be committed in complicity.

Forms of complicity in crime: species

The Criminal Code recognizes 4 types of accomplices: organizer, instigator, performer and accomplice. We will analyze each of them separately. The executor is a person who directly commits a crime alone or with other co-executors. There may be several, and the functions and roles of each also differ. The accomplice is a person who "helps" with his advice, instructions, and can also promise to hide the traces of crimes or the tools of murder. It is worthwhile to understand that an accomplice is a person who helped either before the crime was committed, or at its moment, but not after its completion. Thus, this person does not participate in unlawful actions directly. Another form is the instigator. By this concept is meant the person who prompted the performer to implement the plan. The instigator as well as the accomplice does not participate directly in any actions, he only directs the performer, being, as it were, the "ideological lever" of his mind. The last kind is the organizer. What are the features of this form? Crimes committed in complicity, must necessarily have its own pioneer. He is the organizer: he directs, creates and organizes groups and communities, thereby involving other people in it. As a rule, this figure is the most dangerous. There is also another classification: complicity in the commission of a crime is the organization and execution of a crime with different roles (these roles were presented above) and co-participation, when the roles of all are equal.

The result

The Criminal Code of our country has in its structure separate articles on the issues that have been set out above. The forms of complicity in a crime are a kind of cruelty border within which terrible actions were committed.