Core root system: structure and examples

Being under the ground and remaining completely invisible, the root forms whole systems, which directly depend on the habitat. If necessary, the type can be modified to provide the plant with everything necessary for growth and development.

Root and its meaning

The root is the underground part of the plant. He reliably keeps the escape in the ground. The length of the trunk of some trees can be several tens of meters, but even strong gusts of the wind are not terrible.

The main function of the root is the absorption and transport of water with nutrients dissolved in it. This is the only way to get the necessary amount of moisture in the plant.

Types of roots

According to the peculiarities of the structure, three types of roots are distinguished.

The main root of the plant is always one. In gymnosperms and angiosperms it develops from the embryonic root of the seed. From it the lateral roots leave. They increase the area of the absorbing surface, allowing the plant to absorb the most water.

Directly from the escape subordinate roots leave. There are a lot of them, they grow in a bundle. All types of roots have the same features of the internal structure. This element of the plant consists of tissues. The integumentary forms a root cover, which protects the educational cells of the fission zone from death. The stretch zone also consists of young, constantly dividing cells. Elements of conductive tissue and mechanical are in the suction and holding zone. They make up the most part of any kind of roots.

To provide the plant with the necessary amount of water, only one root is not enough. Therefore, different types of roots combine to form systems.

Core and fibrous root system

Urine system is represented by subordinate roots. They are typical for representatives of the class Monocotyledon - the families of Cereals, Liliaceae and Onions. The one who tried to snatch the wheat escape from the earth knows that it is difficult to do this. The bundle of accessory roots strongly expands, occupies a large area, providing the plant with the necessary quantity of nutrients. Bulbs of garlic or leek, being a modification of the shoot, also have developed accessory roots, united in the urine root system.

Consider the following type. The core root system consists of two types of roots: the main and lateral. The only major root is the core and explains the name of this plant organ. It can penetrate deep into the soil, not only reliably retaining its owner, but also extracting scarce moisture from the lower layers of the soil. A few tens of meters for him is not a barrier.

The core root system is characteristic of most angiosperms, since it is universal. The main root extracts water from the depth, the lateral roots from the upper soil layer.

Benefits

The core root system is characteristic for plants growing in conditions of moisture deficiency. If there is no rain, the top layers of the soil are dry, you can get water only deep from under the ground. This function is performed by the main root. The rod root system sometimes exceeds the length of the shoot by its length. For example, a camel thorn with a height of about 30 cm has a root longer than 20 m.

Lateral roots are also important. They increase the suction surface, sometimes occupying a considerable area.

Which plants do not have a core system? Those that live in conditions of excessive moisture. Such plants do not need to extract water from the depths. However, the rod root system significantly loses the lobed by the total length of the roots.

Modifications of the root

The core root system, whose structure fully meets the functions performed, is sometimes modified. All known root crops of carrots are thickened main roots. They store water and nutrients that allow plants to survive adverse environmental conditions. Such a modified rod root system is also characteristic of beets, radishes, radishes, parsley.

Roots are especially common in perennial and biennial plants. So, having sown carrot seeds in spring, in autumn it is already possible to get a crop. But if the plant is left for winter in the ground, then in the spring it will again open the shoot and give the seeds. In the cold winter carrots survive due to the thickened main root - the root crop. It allows you to hold on to reserves before the heat comes.

The type of root system of plants depends on the conditions in which it grows, and the characteristic features of the structure provide vital processes and increase the chances of survival in any climate and with any available amount of moisture and nutrients.