Coprolling research: what is it?

Coprological examination is a fairly common analysis of feces, during which the color, consistency and composition of feces are evaluated. This procedure gives an opportunity to obtain information about the processes of digestion and absorption of nutrients in the intestine.

When you need a feces analysis for scatology?

Such a study is prescribed for patients with a variety of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. With the help of the analysis it is possible to determine in which particular part of the digestive system the disturbance has arisen and with what it is connected. This method can diagnose both chronic and acute diseases.

Coprological study: basic visual evaluation criteria

With such a stool analysis, everything, even the smallest details, is taken into consideration.

1. Consistency of feces . This criterion directly depends on the content of water in the stool and indicates the time of mass stay in the distal part of the large intestine. The stool of a normal person contains 80 to 85% water. A smaller percentage of the fluid indicates constipation, and if the level of moisture is higher, then the patient is likely to suffer from diarrhea.
2. The amount is also considered a very important indicator of the digestive system. For example, it is believed that a day in a healthy person should be allocated from 100 to 200 g of feces. If this indicator is less, then we can assume the presence of constipation. If the amount is higher than the average statistical rate, this may be due to insufficient digestion in the cavity of the small intestine or a violation of the secretion of bile. But with pancreatic insufficiency, the daily amount of stool can exceed 1 kg.
3. Coprological examination includes the analysis of color of feces.
4. Smell is another important factor. When the bowels work normally, the stool smell is caused by the content of protein decay products in it. If the smell is putrefactive, then there is reason to consider the presence of inadequate gastric digestion. An acidic odor appears in the presence of fermentation dispersion. The unpleasant odor of rancid oil indicates a violation of secretion in the pancreas or an insufficient intake of bile.

Koprolological study of feces: the chemical composition

In addition to physical characteristics (odor, quantity, consistency), the chemical composition of feces is of great importance.

1. PH reaction . In a healthy person, the reaction of stool is neutral, at least weakly alkaline. The acid reaction testifies to violations of absorption of fatty acids in the small intestine. Alkaline reaction indicates decay of protein components that are not digested in the small intestine and stomach.
2. The presence of protein . First of all, it should be noted that there should not be any proteins in the feces of a healthy person. Proteins are found in feces only in the case of such disorders as gastritis, ulcer of the intestine or stomach, the presence of a malignant tumor, colitis, dysbiosis. The protein in the stool can indicate the presence of cracks in the rectum, hemorrhoids or proctitis.
3. The latent blood . This analysis demonstrates the presence in the stool of blood that is not visible in a visual examination. What does blood testify about? First of all, the presence of bleeding in any of the digestive system, starting from the oral cavity and gums and ending with the stomach and intestines. Blood can be the result of diseases such as hemorrhoids, polyposis, ulcers, or hemorrhagic diathesis.
4. The presence of bilirubin . Bilirubin is present only in the feces of a newborn child until bacterial flora is formed in its intestine. If the adult's feces contain a certain amount of this pigment, this can be the result either of a severe form of dysbiosis, or too rapid movement of food masses through the intestine.

In addition, the coprological examination includes a lot of various tests that determine the presence in the stool of muscle fibers, connective tissue elements, leukocytes, starch, fiber, etc. In any case, a correctly conducted study provides a clear picture of the functioning of the human digestive system and possible violations.