Antitank complex "Chrysanthemum". Self-propelled antitank missile system "Chrysanthemum-S"

Traditionally, Russian weapons are highly efficient in combination with ease of use and reliability. An example of this approach to the design of a powerful field system can serve as a combat vehicle, which is a mobile missile system designed to combat armored vehicles equipped with modern protection, including dynamic. It is produced at the Saratov assembly plant. At the moment, there is no analogue to this model in the world. The anti-tank complex "Chrysanthemum" can destroy several enemy fighting vehicles within a matter of minutes, appearing suddenly, and withdraw from a retaliatory strike.

The problem is dynamic protection

In the early eighties in the world tank building, or rather in the theory of armor protection, there was an important shift. There was an opportunity to counteract the cumulative projectiles, which posed a threat to any technique in case of a successful hit. A jet of hot gas, burning a layer of precision heavy metal, created the conditions for penetration into the shell of the charge. Multilayer armor with an extinguishing layer of ceramics partially solved the problem, but the main means of protection were small quantities of explosives integrated into the upper layer of protection or located in special containers fixed from the outside. When a cumulative projectile hits a detonation of explosives occurs, the plasma jet dissipates, and the penetrating effect decreases. For the first time, active Lebanese forces encountered active armor during the war with Israel (1982). A new technological device was used by German armored vehicles designers.

The information that a conventional anti-tank guided missile hit the target became much more difficult, prompting the Soviet leadership to seek new technical solutions. We needed a missile system that could overcome any defense.

Projectiles

The main combat element of the system was a reactive guided missile with a so-called tandem charge. This means that the head of the PC consistently produces two explosions, the first of which neutralizes the effect of dynamic protection, and the second directly destroys the armored protection. The anti-tank complex "Chrysanthemum" is armed with four types of ATGMs with different guidance systems:

• 9M123 - with laser guidance;
• 9M123-2 - with radio-beam guidance, equipped with an over-caliber CU tandem-cumulative action;
• 9M123F - with high explosive-thermobaric lesion and laser guidance;
• 9M123F2 - with high explosive and thermobaric damage and radioaviation;

All four shells have a high destructive power and are quite heavy (up to 50 kg). In order to successfully use them, you need a special combat vehicle.

Penetration and mobility

One of the main qualities of modern military equipment is mobility. The emergence of a mobile and effective anti-tank weapon in the critical sector of the theater of operations can fundamentally change the situation. In order for the problem of the enemy using armored vehicles for the offensive to arise as soon as possible, an anti-tank missile system should be able to airmobile delivery. Therefore, the machine should be light enough. In addition, for it, the degree of cross-terrain and water obstacles should not be significant. The Soviet school of building armored vehicles possessed a sufficient number of developments. The anti-tank complex "Chrysanthemum" is mounted on a chassis widely used in the armed forces of BMP-3. The 9P157-2 combat vehicle includes, in addition to the chassis, a shooting control system, a radar station operating in the millimeter range (100-150 GHz), two launchers that are retracted inside the hull and a crew of two people. The reserve of its course is 600 km.

How is the shooting done?

Outwardly, the anti-tank complex "Chrysanthemum" is similar to the conventional infantry fighting vehicle BMP-3 with the gun turret removed. This apparent simplicity, however, is deceptive. From transport to combat state the machine is translated very quickly. First, the radar emitter is pulled out from the case, and soon the crew gets an opportunity to assess the operational situation. In the event of a decision to strike a firing blow, a double launcher is extracted from the armored hull, which produces shots. The number of shells in the ammunition set is 15, they are stored in the weapons compartment with wings pressed against the cylindrical body. For their straightening is a simple and reliable spring mechanism. After making the necessary number of shots, the antitank missile system "Chrysanthemum-S" again goes into transport position and leaves the operational area.

Not only against tanks

The main purpose of the system is to fight tanks, but its technical capabilities make it possible to carry out other combat missions. "Chrysanthemum-C" can hit aircraft (low-speed, up to 340 km / h), defensive structures (thermobaric ammunition is best suited for this), enemy live forces and surface ships of small tonnage. At the same time, the effectiveness of fire does not affect the time of day, nor the meteorological situation, nor the degree of smoke in the area. Shells are flying at supersonic speed, intercepting them is almost impossible. Range of fire - up to six kilometers.

Automation

The time required to bring the system to combat condition is minimal, it is calculated in minutes. The crew does not need to perform labor-intensive operations associated with loading or hovering, as well as leaving the car during firing. Moreover, after the first start of two consecutive ones, you can immediately select the next target, the coordinates of possible variants are calculated automatically. The entire control system of the shooting of the "Chrysanthemum-S" unit operates according to the "shot-forget" principle, it is not necessary to accompany the projectile during its flight. Commands and control signals are fed from an ergonomic console located inside the armored hull. A high degree of automation allows you to cope with the combat mission of a crew consisting of two people, one of whom is an operator.

Auxiliary machines

During the performance of combat missions, the Chrysanthemum-C missile system operates in an autonomous mode, but additional technical units are needed to carry out maintenance, personnel training, and preventive testing of systems. Thus, anti-tank units include, in addition to mobile launchers, test and control machines (9B945 for the 9P157 and 9V990 for guided missiles themselves), a training simulator (9F852) and even a target (9F734). In addition to these units, subdivisions are also given sets of test equipment for testing rockets. Auxiliary machines are mounted on the basis of the chassis of trucks of high throughput GAZ-66 and ZIL-131.

Commander cars

With the battery organization of combat structures, there is a need for a unit combining shock and coordinating functions. Commander cars received the indices 9P157-3 (platoon) and 9P157-4 (kombatarei). Modification of the combat basic unit 9P157 was its upgraded version 9P157-2 BM, which is part of the 9K123-1 complex. Its features consist in more powerful information technology equipment and a high-performance interface that promotes a high level of coherence. The commander's vehicle performs centralized target designation, performs reconnaissance and operational cover of the units.

The fastest and most powerful

No army of the world today has such a powerful and highly mobile anti-tank system as the Russian Chrysanthemum-C. Photo of this installation was published in 2012, when it was presented at the international exhibition "Technologies in Mechanical Engineering". Since 2005, it is in the arsenal of the Russian Army. This is really an outstanding example. The car is lightweight, weighs less than 20 tons, overcomes the terrain at a speed of 52 km / h, and along the highway - 70 km / h. The forcing of water obstacles it produces immediately, without any preliminary preparation, and also quickly (10 kph). These remarkable driving qualities are provided by a powerful engine (500 hp) and special combined aluminum armor.

Three suddenly appeared "Chrysanthemum" is enough to stop a company of tanks (up to fifteen), destroying a large part of it, and turn those who are fortunate enough to survive.

This weapon of the XXI century is constantly being improved. Apparently, the rockets will become more powerful and accurate, and the range of fire will increase.