The grate is an integral element of the furnace

In recent times, room fireplaces and stoves have returned to fashion. The process of creating them is rather complicated, so it should be done by experienced stove workers. To create a stove, you need to purchase a lot of special tools. The grate is one of the most important elements. It is designed to ensure a uniform, constant supply of air to the fuel and the timely disposal of slag and ash. Modern industry produces solid and prefabricated lattices. The latter are assembled from several grates.

Depending on the fuel used and the design of the furnace, various parts are used. The grate bars are divided into movable and fixed. The latter are divided into such subspecies: tiled baskets; Tiled flat; Beam grate. Grate grate fixed formed from girder and tile flat grates. Movable consists of traction, axle and lattice. Such parts are made with vertical (vibrating) and horizontal axis of rotation (swinging and full-turning).

In the process of cleaning them from slag and ash, grids can be rotated by means of traction around the axis. The swinging grate is able to move around its horizontal axis by 30 °. From time to time, swaying, such grates perfectly loosen the slag, so the non-combustible mass quickly falls from the fuel department into the ash pit. Such details greatly facilitate the cleaning of the furnace and improve the combustion process. Movable gratings are used, as a rule, in continuous combustion furnaces. They consist of 2 articulated plate lattices, which are able to turn around the vertical axis by 180 °.

In the fireboxes, the grate bars are laid with the butt end on the notches or whole bricks cut out in bricks. These elements of the furnace are made mainly of high-quality cast iron, which is slightly oxidized at high temperature and under the influence of oxygen. The grate for the furnace is made in a conical or wedge shape, as it facilitates the failure of holes between the plates of fine slag and ash.

The amount of air passing through the grid into the firebox is completely dependent on its "live" section. By this concept is meant the ratio of the sum of the area of the props to the total area of the lattice. It is expressed as a percentage. The shape of the grate bars, their cross-section and thickness depend directly on the type of fuel used and the size of its fractions.

Coarse-grained fuel, such as peat or coal, is most efficiently burnt on beam grates, which are formed in the form of a lattice section of 20-40% (relative to its total area). When burning multi-ash and small-lump fuel with a small release of volatile substances, plate gratings of 10-15% cross section are used. Its external dimensions determine the total area.

The grate is laid in such a way that its clearances (holes) are located along the firebox, in the direction from the door to the back wall. In addition, the narrow sides of its slots should be directed upwards.