Partisan movement during the Second World War

The article below considers the partisan movement and the struggle of the Soviet people during one of the most bloody wars.

One of the most widespread forms of confrontation between the Soviet people and German enemies was the well-known partisan movement. The program for its existence and activity was specified in the directive of the Council of People's Commissars and the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) of June 29, 1941. After some time, on July 18, the Central Committee adopted a special resolution "On organizing the struggle in the rear of the German troops." These documents carried various instructions on the preparation of the party underground, organizations, manning and arming the partisan detachments, and further formulated the tasks and the course of the movement.

Based on the scale of the occupied territories of the USSR, the scale and scope of the party struggle was predetermined and outlined. Initially, measures were taken that related to the evacuation of the population, however, approximately 62 million people, or about 33% of the pre-war population, had to remain in the territories occupied by the enemy.

Initially, the Soviet leadership was predetermined and made a bet on permanent partisan formations, which were formed with the active participation and under the strict guidance of the NKVD. One of the most famous was the detachment "Winners", whose commander was DN Medvedev. His actions extended to the Smolensk, Orel and Mogilev regions, and then to Western Ukraine. This squad consisted of athletes, NKVD workers, proven local cadres. The partisan movement in Belarus was well developed. The people of this country provided worthy resistance to the enemy.

The regional, city and district chairmen of the executive committees of the party, as well as the secretaries of the regional committee, the city committee and the district committee of the Komsomol, headed the partisan movement. Overall strategic direction was carried out by the Supreme Headquarters. Direct interaction with the detachments on the ground was carried out by the Central Headquarters of the Partisan Movement (CJPD). Its creation was facilitated by the decision of the State Defense Committee of May 30, 1942, and its functioning was carried out until January 1944. The main task of the CPSF was to establish links with various partisan formations, direct and coordinate their direct actions, supply weapons, medications, train personnel and carry out interactions Between partisans and some parts of the standing army.

Partisan movement behind enemy lines numbered about 6,500 different detachments, the battle of which was led by more than 1 million people. When carrying out the necessary operations, about 1 million fascists were killed, captured and wounded by guerrillas, about 4,000 combat vehicles, 65,000 vehicles, 1,100 aircraft were destroyed, more than 1,650 railway bridges were destroyed and damaged.

The partisan movement during the Second World War was something we did not know about it

The main objects of military and military activities of partisan movements during the Second World War were communications, in particular, railways. They conducted a series of large-scale operations that were associated with the disruption or breakdown of a large number of enemy communications, whose activities were closely related to the functioning of the regular army unit.

Between August 3 and September 15, 1943, the occupied territories of the RSFSR, Belorussia and some parts of Ukraine, pursuing the goal of assisting certain parts of the Soviet Army, the Operation Rail War was carried out in an exemplary end to the rout of the German army during the Battle of Kursk . On the ground, certain areas and objects were created, the actions of each of them were predetermined by 167 guerrilla movements planned for this. The actions of these people made it very difficult to regroup and supply the enemy troops, who were forced to retreat.