Dentistry: treatment and causes

Orthodontics quite often meet with such a problem as the crowding of teeth. This anomaly occurs in both adults and children. If nothing is done, serious problems with the periodontal tissues may subsequently appear. To get rid of such a bite pathology can be different methods, however, some of them require a huge amount of time.

What is the denseness of the dentition?

In dentistry, this pathology means a condition where teeth, because of a lack of space, grow too tightly to each other. This problem can appear for the following reasons:

• Extra teeth grow, or the dimensions of some of them exceed the standard dimensions.
• Bone base has not reached the required size.
• Not all the milk teeth have fallen out, and the remaining ones interfere with the growth of permanent teeth.

This bite anomaly also occurs when teeth groups are displaced, for example, if temporary fangs or molars were removed before the time, and empty places were left without prosthetics. In addition, the development of crowding bad habits: mouth breathing or sucking fingers. Such a pathology of bite may appear in adults with the growth of third molars.

According to some reports, 60 percent of children under the age of 14 have partial overcrowding. In some children, this deviation affects the upper jaw, while in others, the crowding of the lower teeth occurs. In rare cases, this bite anomaly covers both jaws.

Stages of pathology

In dentistry it is accepted to distinguish several variants of formation of dental crowding:

• Easy stage. With it, only 2-3 mm is missing and deviations affect only a few teeth, the other units have the correct location. This simple form of pathology is easier to fix in a short time.
• The average degree. This anomaly differs by 4-6 mm, besides, it can touch only individual units without affecting the attractiveness of the dentition. The problem unit at this stage of crowding is slightly shifted beyond the level line, deployed around its axis or has a large slope.
• Heavy form. This degree is the most complex and noticeable. In this case, the deviation reaches more than 7 mm, and individual teeth are forced out of the natural arc, changing the uniformity and shape of the smile. With such a violation, serious problems can arise, which are eliminated solely by the removal of dental units.

Dense teeth: photos and reasons for the appearance

Doctors do not always manage to establish, because of what this pathology arises. As a rule, the reasons are some habits and diseases of the oral cavity. In people in adulthood, this anomaly appears at the moment when wisdom teeth begin to erupt. In such a situation, the molars and fangs already occupy vacant places, and the eight do not have anything, so they move adjacent units, occupying the necessary space.

To the cramping of tooth often lead to harmful childhood habits. To avoid such a pathology, parents should in time disaccustom the baby from using pacifiers and nipples, sucking fingers, infantile swallowing and the like. Still such a pathology can arise as a result of early loss of milk teeth and belated appearance of indigenous in their place.

An incorrect bite by nature is often the reason for the crowding of teeth. This pathology completely affects the shape and size of the jaw, as well as the location of incisors, canines and molars. With the underdevelopment of the alveolar processes , a similar anomaly may also arise.

In addition, tooth congestion is observed with such problems as:

• Various diseases that affect the incorrect development of the jaw arc.
• The presence of supercomplete teeth, when they are slightly larger than the required number.
• Underdevelopment of the lower jaw.
• Too broad teeth, occupying more than the right place, replace the units that grow up later.
• Hereditary pathologies that provoke the appearance of hyperdontia or macardenthia.

Dense teeth must necessarily be corrected, or the complications that arise should be eliminated. Is engaged in the treatment of such an anomaly orthodontist.

Negative consequences of bite pathology

Many ignore the crowding of teeth, thinking that such a problem brings only aesthetic inconvenience. However, this is completely different from other bite abnormalities, a close arrangement of teeth can lead to complications.

Tightness of the teeth of the lower jaw causes the occurrence of plaque, since there is no gap between the units for such a disease, as a result of which it becomes impossible to provide complete oral care. As a result, in hard-to-reach places solid rock and plaque begins to form, which can be removed only by special dental equipment.

Such anomaly of the teeth leads to the appearance of caries. This is due to the accumulation of plaque, provoking the multiplication of microorganisms, which cause inflammation of the gums and destruction of hard tissues of the tooth. It is there where the units are tightly pressed against each other, inflammatory processes occur.

In some cases, tooth congestion causes tooth loss. Even a slight inflammation, which a person does not notice, therefore, does not appeal to a specialist, after a certain time passes into a chronic stage. If you do not heal - after a few years there will be completely toothless jaw.

This anomaly contributes to the formation of traumatic occlusion. When crowded into certain units of the dentition, the load increases when chewing food, which causes the periodontitis and the enamel to be erased.

Treatment

Dentists eliminate this problem in various ways. The appropriate treatment option is selected depending on the condition of the oral cavity, the individual characteristics of the patient and the degree of manifestation of pathology. The most effective methods are the braces system, separation method and extraction of teeth.

The latter option is resorted to when the incisors are too large. To correct a dental row in this case without operative intervention it is impossible. Basically, doctors remove fours, fives or wisdom teeth on both jaws. After their extraction, the adjacent units begin to shift, the dentition aligns. The removal procedure is used before the main therapy with braces, plates or trainers. In rare cases, such therapy is an independent method.

Help to eliminate the crowding of teeth braces. Establish these orthodontic devices for adolescents and even adult patients. Bracket-systems put on different terms, it all depends on the complexity of the bite anomaly. With their help, the teeth move to a new position. But if the seats in the row are not enough, you need to delete.

Correction of crowding of teeth by the method of separation. It is carried out by the method of grinding enamel or by establishing temporary struts in the intervals between the units. The turning allows to release about 6 mm of space. These days, this method is used instead of deleting.

How to eliminate the crowding of anterior teeth without braces?

With a mild or moderate degree of pathology, eliners and orthodontic capes are still used, which, like braces, move the teeth. There is a process of equalization, although slower, but more comfortable for the patient. With minor curvatures on the individual units of teeth can be installed ceramic lumineers or veneers. Thus, they can be aligned without orthodontic therapy.

Expansion of teeth with crowded plates

Such manipulations can be carried out only after a thorough examination of the condition of periodontal tissues. The procedure itself is carried out in different ways, but most often use expansion plates. The result can be obtained by the planned pressure of this device on the dentition. The device gradually gives the units the correct position. Plates are created individually. The best effect of this aligning teeth is noted in children and adolescents.

Timing of treatment

Treatment of crowding of teeth is long: from 6 months to 2 years. Correction of the size and position of the jaws should be done from early childhood - with proper treatment it will take no more than six months. In adults, it is not possible to normalize bone contortions with orthodontic devices, unfortunately. In advanced cases without surgical intervention is indispensable.

How to avoid pathology?

To avoid unpleasant dental procedures, it is necessary to resort to preventive measures. To prevent formation of dental crowding, it is necessary:

• Refuse bad habits.
• Continually visit the dentist.
• To carefully control the formation of the jaw apparatus from childhood.
• In time, you can prosthetically replace your lost teeth.

Dental congestion is a dangerous and severe anomaly with the use of unpleasant procedures for its elimination, therefore, it should be avoided in advance of such a violation. The main preventive method is the timely elimination of all dental pathologies.